SFP + Transceivers tau siv thoob ntiaj teb

 

 

Yog vim li cas daim ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj qhov koj xav

 

Nov yog qee yam ntawm cov neeg muag khoom feem ntau cov ntawv dawb yuav tsis qhia koj: qhov laj thawj tiag tiagSFP + transceiversdominate tsis yog kev txawj ntse. Yog lawm, SFF-8431 specification coj kev txhim kho hluav taws xob interface. Yog lawm, txav ntau circuitry mus rau lub rooj tsavxwm lub rooj tsavxwm txo module complexity. Tab sis txoj kev saws me nyuam? Qhov ntawd tau tsav los ntawm cov thawj tswj kev yuav khoom thiab kev suav cov khib nyiab.

Ib qho 48-chaw nres nkoj 10G hloov siv SFP + modules siv tib lub 1U chassis uas yav tas los tuav 48 SFP chaw nres nkoj. Sim nws nrog XFP. Koj ua tsis tau. Lub cev qhov ntev ntawm SFP + (xws li cov cuab yeej cuab tam SFP) txhais tau tias cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem rov siv cov qauv siv tshuab uas twb muaj lawm. Cov nqi cuab yeej poob. Cov kab ntau lawm tsis xav tau retooling. Kev lag luam tau ua phem rau kev sib tw daim ntawv.

 

Hauv Module: Dab tsi tshwm sim tiag tiag

 

Thaum cov kws kho qhov muag tham txog SFP + optical transceivers, lawv tau piav qhia txog qhov zoo nkauj heev. Kev xa tawm sab siv ob qho tib si VCSEL laser (rau luv- ncav cuag cov ntawv thov multimode ntawm 850nm) lossis DFB laser (rau ib zaug ntev dua - hom txuas ntawm 1310nm lossis 1550nm). Qhov tau txais sab ua ke nrog tus PIN photodiode lossis APD, nyob ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev nkag siab zoo.

Cov khawv koob tshwm sim nyob nruab nrab. Niaj hnub no 10G SFP + modules ntim cov tsav tsheb laser, transimpedance amplifier, thiab moos / cov ntaub ntawv rov qab circuits rau hauv ib pob koj tuaj yeem tuav ntawm ob ntiv tes. Nees nkaum xyoo dhau los, ua tiav 10Gbps xav tau cov cuab yeej uas tau ntim ib nrab ntawm khib.

DOM functionality tsim nyog hais txog ntawm no. Digital Optical Monitoring (tseem hu ua DDM, rau Digital Diagnostic Monitoring) ib SFF-8472 cia lub network tswj systems polls real-time tsis: xa lub hwj chim, txais hwj chim, kub, bias tam sim no, mov voltage. Cov kws tshaj lij uas tau siv sijhawm ntau teev los daws qhov teeb meem sib txuas tsis ua haujlwm yuav nkag siab tias vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb. Koj tuaj yeem saib lub laser degrade ntau lub hlis ua ntej nws ua tsis tau zoo. Cov neeg feem coob tsis ua, tab sis muaj peev xwm muaj.

 

 

Lub Ntiaj Teb Deployment Picture

 

SFP + transceivers nkoj mus rau txhua lub teb chaws nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov ntawd tsis yog kev lag luam hyperbole. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv xov tooj hauv sub-Saharan Africa siv tib lub MSA- cov qauv ua raws li kev khiav haujlwm hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv hyperscale hauv Virginia. Mobile backhaul networks nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia cia siab rau 10G SFP + kev sib txuas ntawm cov chaw ntawm tes thiab cov ntsiab lus sib sau. European ISPs xa lawv rau kev lag luam cov neeg siv khoom sib txuas CPE.

standardization tseem ceeb ntawm no. Lub 10GBASE-LR transceiver los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Shenzhen yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov chaw nres nkoj hloov tsim hauv San Jose thiab tau teeb tsa hauv Frankfurt. Ntau-Cov Lus Pom Zoo (MSA) tsim qhov tseeb no. SFF-8431 thiab SFF-8432 cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tsis yog txhais qhov ntev thiab tus pin txoj haujlwm-lawv tsim cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob uas ua rau cov neeg muag khoom sib cuam tshuam tau.

Tsis zoo meej interoperability, nco koj. Tus neeg twg uas tau sim sib xyaw thib peb - tog 10G SFP + modules nrog qee qhov Brocade Fiber Channel keyboards paub tus neeg muag khoom- xauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tau tas li. Firmware coding tseem ceeb. Tab sis lub hauv paus kev sib raug zoo muaj nyob, thiab lub hauv paus pib ua rau kev lag luam tawg.

 

Distance thiab Application Variants

 

Cov tsiaj ntawv kua zaub ntawm 10G transceiver hom tsis meej pem cov neeg tuaj tshiab. Qee qhov kev qhia meej:

SR (Short Range)850nm, multimode fiber ntau, 300m dhau OM3, 400m dhau OM4. Workhorse module rau intra-lub tsev thiab sab saum toj- ntawm-rack connectivity. Qhov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws, feem ntau qis dua $ 15 los ntawm thib peb- cov neeg muag khoom rau kev lag luam - qib chav tsev.

LR (Long Range): 1310nm, ib leeg - hom fiber ntau, 10km ncav cuag. Tus qauv xaiv rau tsev kawm ntawv thiab metro kev sib txuas. SMF infrastructure raug nqi ntau dua MMF, tab sis koj tau txais kev ncua deb thiab yav tom ntej - pov thawj rau kev nrawm dua.

ER (Ntev ntau yam): 1550nm, 40km tshaj SMF. Siv txias EML transmitters, uas ua rau kom muaj zog noj thiab nqi tab sis ua kom metro- nplai txuas yam tsis muaj kev nthuav dav.

ZR (Ze Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws, raws li qee tus engineers jokingly hu nws): 80km ib -mode. Tsis yog ib feem ntawm IEEE 802.3ae specification-Cisco thiab lwm tus txhais qhov no ntawm nws tus kheej. Yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau chromatic dispersion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho 80km ncav cuag.

BiDi variants muaj ib yam nkaus thiab . 10GBASE-BX siv WDM los nyem ob txoj kev tsheb khiav hla ib leeg fiber ntau strand-1270nm downstream, 1330nm upstream, lossis vice versa. Halves fiber ntau suav, teeb meem daws teeb meem.

CWDM thiab DWDM SFP + transceivers thawb qhov no ntxiv, tso cai rau ntau qhov 10G raws tshaj kev sib koom ua ke fiber ntau. Ib lub lag luam uas khiav CWDM tuaj yeem tso 8 wavelengths ntawm ib khub fiber ntau. Cov neeg nqa khoom uas khiav DWDM tshuab nyem hauv 40, 80, lossis ntau txoj kab siv ITU-T kab sib nrug.

 

 

Nqe Lus Nug

 

Tsis yog txhua tus SFP + transceivers siv fiber ntau. Lub 10GBASE-T SFP + module tsim ib pawg ntawm nws tus kheej- thiab ntau qhov kev xa tawm mob taub hau.

Qhov kev thov rov hais dua yog pom tseeb: Cat6a infrastructure, RJ45 kev txiav tawm uas cov kws tshaj lij nkag siab, rov qab sib raug zoo nrog 1000BASE-T thiab txawm tias 100BASE-TX. Qhov kev muaj tiag muaj xws li kev tswj xyuas cov cua sov thiab cov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob uas ua rau cov engineers network zom lawv cov hniav.

Ib txwm 10GBASE-T SFP + module siv 2.5W. Txheem SFP + chaw nres nkoj fais fab faib xav tias 1.5W siab tshaj plaws. Ua lej. Cisco cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej meej txwv ib txhij cov pej xeem ntawm 10GBASE-T modules ntawm ntau tus qauv hloov. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj 48 SFP + chaw nres nkoj, tab sis muaj tag nrho 48 nrog 10G-T modules yuav dhau qhov hloov pauv ASIC lub peev xwm tswj fais fab.

DAC cables (Direct Attach Copper) sidestep qhov teeb meem no rau luv luv. Passive twinax DAC ua haujlwm rau 5-7 meters, nquag DAC rau 10-15 meters. Rau khib-rau- khib kev sib txuas hauv tib kab, DAC muab cov nqi txuag thiab qis dua latency dua optical transceivers. Tsis muaj kev hloov kho qhov muag-hluav taws xob-kho qhov muag txhais tau tias tsawg dua cov ntsiab lus tsis ua haujlwm.

 

Quality thiab Sourcing Realities

 

Qhov thib peb - tog transceiver kev ua lag luam tshwm sim vim hais tias OEM pricing tseem raug txiav los ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom. Cisco-branded SFP-10G-SR tuaj yeem sau npe ntawm ntau pua daus las. Ib qho MSA- sib npaug los ntawm cov tuam txhab thib peb tsim muag muag rau $ 10-20. Tib laser chips, tib photodiodes, feem ntau tib daim ntawv cog lus manufacturers hauv Dongguan los yog Wuxi.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev sib txawv zoo. Hauv qab- cov neeg muab khoom lag luam txiav cov ces kaum ntawm qhov kub hnyiab- hauv kev sim, siv cov khoom siv laser refurbished, los yog cov khoom siv nkoj nrog EEPROM programming yuam kev uas ua rau muaj teeb meem sib xws. Reputable thib peb- tog neeg muag khoom (thiab muaj ntau) ua kev soj ntsuam tuaj, puv -spectrum optical kuaj, thiab firmware validation ua ntej xa khoom.

Cov lus nug ntawm kev lag luam kub tseem ceeb rau kev xa tawm tshwj xeeb. Kev lag luam - qib SFP + transceivers raug ntsuas 0℃txog 70℃. Muaj- qib modules txuas ntxiv qhov no mus rau -40℃rau +85℃. Qhov kev sib txawv ntawd txiav txim siab seb koj qhov kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov hauv Phoenix lossis koj lub chaw nyob hauv xov tooj cua hauv Finland yuav tswj kev ruaj ntseg txuas los ntawm lub caij nyoog.

 

Fiber Channel: Lwm yam SFP + Siv Case

 

Network engineers tsom rau Ethernet qee zaum tsis nco qab tias Fiber Channel tau tsav qhov tseem ceeb SFP + kev saws me nyuam hauv qhov chaw cia khoom . 8GFC thiab 16GFC ob leeg siv SFP + daim ntawv foos, txawm tias cov txheej txheem encodings txawv.

SAN architects ua hauj lwm nrog Brocade los yog Cisco MDS keyboards nrog ib tug sib txawv compatibility matrix tshaj lawv Ethernet counterparts. Brocade- pom zoo cov npe transceiver muaj nyob rau hauv yog vim li cas-FC raws tu qauv rhiab heev rau jitter thiab me ntsis yuam kev tus nqi txawv ntawm Ethernet tus kam rau ua profile. Uas tau hais tias, tsim nyog thib peb - tog FC SFP + modules ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv kev xa tawm lag luam feem ntau. Cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tsuas yog siv qhov tseeb ntxiv.

16G Fiber Channel transceivers tau qhia txog 64b / 66b encoding, ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li 8GFC's 8b / 10b scheme. Qhov no tso cai rau ob npaug ntawm kev nkag mus yam tsis tau ua ob npaug ntawm kab tus nqi- qhov tseeb 16GFC qhov taw qhia khiav ntawm 14.025 Gbps. Clever raws tu qauv engineering uas qhia txog ntau npaum li cas kev lag luam tau optimized nyob ib ncig ntawm SFP + daim ntawv txwv tsis pub.

 

 

Dab tsi los tom ntej

 

Kev hloov pauv mus rau 25G (SFP28) thiab dhau mus tab tom tab tom tab sis tseem tsis tau hloov pauv SFP + transceivers los ntawm lawv lub hauv paus. Brownfield deployments tseem ceeb tshaj greenfield hauv kev lag luam network. Cov khoom siv depreciation cycles khiav 5-7 xyoo. Cov tes hauj lwm tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm 10G infrastructure hauv 2018-2020 yuav txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm nrog SFP + modules txog rau xyoo 2020s.

Lub caij no, SFP + txuas ntxiv hloov zuj zus. Kev txhim kho hluav taws xob ua kom zoo dua qub, kev ntsuas kub ntxiv, thiab txhim kho DOM muaj peev xwm tuaj txog nrog txhua qhov khoom tsim. Daim ntawv foos yuav tsis mus qhov twg sai sai no.

Rau network architects thiab pab neeg yuav khoom ntsuam xyuas 10G transceiver xaiv niaj hnub no, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem zoo ib yam: phim cov ntawv thov (qhov deb, fiber ntau, qhov kub thiab txias) mus rau qhov tsim nyog module variant, validate compatibility nrog koj cov kev hloov pauv lossis router platform, thiab xaiv cov neeg muag khoom raws li cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg zoo dua li qhov qis tshaj -tus nqi{2}.

SFP + transceivers tsim thoob ntiaj teb kev sib txuas lus infrastructure. Lawv tab tom tsim nws.

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Kev lag luam specifications hais txog: IEEE 802.3ae, SFF-8431, SFF-8432, SFF-8472, ITU-T G.652. Khoom compatibility txawv los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab firmware version.