DWDM Wavelength Planning: C-Band & L-Band Guide
Apr 23, 2026| Feem ntau cov rooj channel qhia koj qhov twg txhua qhov ITU wavelength zaum. Lawv tsis qhia rau koj tias cov channel twg yuav ua tau tiag tiag, muaj pes tsawg leej yuav tsum tawm khoob rau koj lub voj voog hloov tshiab tom ntej, lossis yuav ua li cas rau koj C-band OSNR pob nyiaj hnub koj teeb L-band ntawm tib lub fiber ntau. Cov lus qhia no suav nrog cov kev txiav txim siab no - cov uas khaws daim ntawv qhia wavelength siv tau los ntawm peb lub voj voog hloov tshiab es tsis txhob yuam kev rov tsim dua zaum ob.
Peb tsim thiab xa DWDM transceivers, mux / demux modules, thiab amplifier cards tawm ntawm peb lub chaw Shenzhen. Peb khiav kev sib tw sib tw thoob plaws Huawei, ZTE, thiab Cisco hloov platform ua ntej txhua yam tawm hauv lub Hoobkas, thiab peb txhawb cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm kev xa tawm. Cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ua txhua qhov kev pom zoo ntawm no: peb tsis yog cov kev kawm nruab nrab, thiab peb yuav tsis ua piv txwv lwm yam. Dab tsi peb yog ib pab neeg uas pom qhov teeb meem kev teeb tsa wavelength rov qab los raws li RMA daim pib thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev hu rau - uas muab rau peb paub txog qee yam kev paub uas phau ntawv qhia tsis muaj.
C-Band Channel Spacing hauv DWDM Networks: 100 GHz lossis 50 GHz
C-band - 1530 mus rau 1565 nm - yog feem ntau ntawm DWDM kev khiav tsheb thoob ntiaj teb. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers ntaus qhov nce siab tshaj plaws hauv lub qhov rais no, ib zaug - hom fiber ntau attenuation bottoms tawm ze 0.20 dB/km ntawm 1550 nm, thiab ITU-T G.694.1 daim phiaj los ntawm channel 17 txog 61 yog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm txhua qhov kev lag luam transponder {3} peb muaj Koj yuav tsis yeej ntawm C-band tsim - txhua tus muaj tib lub qhov rais amplifier thiab tib daim phiaj ITU. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev xaiv uas kaw koj hauv.
Cov neeg feem coob mus txog qhov sib nrug ntawm nqe lus nug - 100 GHz piv rau 50 GHz - raws li kev npaj ua kom muaj peev xwm, tab sis nws yog qhov kev txiav txim siab lub neej tiag tiag. Peb tus qauv100G QSFP28 DWDM modules npog tag nrho C17-C61 ITU daim phiajnpog C17 txog C61 ntawm 100 GHz daim phiaj, thiab rau kev xa tawm hauv qab 40 wavelengths khiav 10G lossis 100G coherent, uas yog qhov haum. Lim kam rau ua tau yooj yim txaus uas cov nqi mux / demux nyob qis qis, thiab koj tsis tau them nyiaj rau spectral precision koj tsis xav tau.
Qhov laj thawj ntawd tawg thaum 400G nkag rau hauv koj daim ntawv qhia. A 400G DP-16QAM teeb liab ntawm 64 GBaud nyob ntawm qhov dav dav tshaj 50 GHz - nws lub cev tsis tuaj yeem hla lub lim 50 GHz ruaj khov yam tsis muaj clipping, thiab ntawm 100 GHz daim phiaj koj strand ze li ntawm ib nrab ntawm txhua qhov channel qhov. Lightwave Online tau sau tseg tias qhov no yog thawj tus neeg tsav tsheb tom qab kev lag luam kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw deb ntawm cov phiaj xwm ruaj khov (Lightwave Online). Pebtunable DWDM transponder cards configurable rau 50 GHz thiab 100 GHz channel spacingtxhawb 50 GHz thiab 100 GHz configurations thoob plaws tag nrho C -band - tab sis qhov kev tsim kho tsis zoo uas koj ntsia lawv rau hauv yog qhov txwv uas tseem ceeb. Mux/demux modules thiab ROADM WSS cov hniav tsis yog teb -swappable raws li ib tug transceiver. Xaiv koj daim phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem passive raws li qhov chaw network xav tau nyob rau hauv tsib xyoos. Transceivers sib pauv tawm hauv feeb; mux/demux thiab WSS infrastructure tsis.
Thaum Koj DWDM Wavelength Plan Xav Tau L-Band Expansion
L-band - 1565 mus rau 1625 nm - ncua koj cov channel suav los ntawm kwv yees li tib tus lej koj muaj hauv C-band. Cov neeg khiav dej num feem ntau ncav cuag nws thaum C- kev siv band channel hla dhau 60-70% cim thiab kev kwv yees tsheb khiav tsis pom qhov siab nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj. Tab sis qhov kev txiav txim siab mus C + L tsis zoo sib xws nrog cov thawj C-band buildout, thiab kho nws li "tsuas yog ntau cov channel" yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm tau teeb meem.
Qhov kev sib txawv ntawm C-band thiab L-band amplification mus zoo tshaj qhov spec ntawv qhia. Nws ncaj qha hloov li cas koj cov peev nyiaj txuas fais fab. IEICE kev tshawb fawb tau tsim tsa tias L-band EDFAs nthuav tawm qhov ntsuas ntau dua dynamic nce qaij thiab kub rhiab heev dua li C-band units, nrog rau qhov muaj zog inhomogeneous broadning nyhuv uas ua rau ib -channel nce tswj tsis tshua muaj kev kwv yees thaum wavelengths ntxiv lossis tshem tawm hauv kev pabcuam (IEICE Transactions). Hauv kev xyaum, peb tau pom qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov neeg siv khoom txuas ua haujlwm raws li channel- mus rau -channel zog hloov pauv ib puag ncig ± 2 dB ntawm L-band txuas qhov twg tib lub fiber ntau thiab span tsim nyob rau hauv ± 0.5 dB ntawm C-band. Koj tsis tuaj yeem pad koj cov peev nyiaj txuas uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm ob peb dB thiab hu nws ua tiav - L-band xav tauib qho kev sib txawv hauv kev tsim vaj tse uas suav nrog EDFA, SOA, thiab Raman amplifier xaiv, thiab daim npav amplifier koj spec rau L-band yuav tsum tsis yog tus nqi - optimized afterthought.
Qhov teeb meem thib ob yog kev cuam tshuam -band. Thaum C-band thiab L-band co- nthuav tawm,stimulated Raman tawghloov lub zog los ntawm luv wavelengths mus rau ntev dua. Yog tias koj teeb tsa L-band channels ntawm C-band system uas tsis muaj ua ntej- thauj khoom L-band spectrum nrog ASE suab nrov, koj C-band luv-wavelength channels poob lub zog - qee zaum txaus ua rau FEC qhov pib tswb ntawm kev tsim khoom. Peb tau pom qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub network. Kev koom ua ke C + L architectures hais txog qhov no tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev xa tawm channelized ASE loading txij hnub ib, ua kom muaj zog fiber ntau faib kom ruaj khov txawm tias muaj pes tsawg L-band channels tau nqa tsheb khiav. Yog tias koj tus neeg muag khoom cov khoom siv C + L hloov kho txoj hauv kev xav kom koj mus ntsib txhua qhov chaw amplifier thiab pauv daim npav thaum L-band mus nyob, koj tab tom saib tus nqi tsiv teb tsaws siab thiab qhov pheej hmoo ntau dua li kev sib koom ua ke.
Inhomogeneous Kev nthuav dav
L-band cuam tshuam ua rau ib-channel nce kev tswj tsis tau qis dua piv rau C-band puag ncig ib puag ncig.
Raman Scattering
Kev hloov hluav taws xob los ntawm luv C-band mus rau ntev L-band wavelengths tuaj yeem ua rau lub tswb nrov nrov.
Flex-Grid vs. Fixed Grid: DWDM Channel Plan txiav txim siab koj tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab
Tshooj lus no tuaj yeem luv luv vim tias qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis nyuaj: yog tias koj tab tom siv ROADM nodes tshiab niaj hnub no, qhia qee yam tsawg dua CDC (tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj kev taw qhia, tsis muaj kev sib cav) nrog flex- daim phiaj WSS tab tom tsim nyob rau hauv qhov txwv koj yuav them rau tshem tawm hauv peb mus rau tsib xyoos.
Tsau 50 GHz WSS modules muab txhua lub wavelength tib lub spectral qhov txawm hais tias nws qhov tseeb nyob bandwidth. 100G DP-QPSK teeb liab xav tau txog 37.5 GHz; 400G DP-16QAM teeb liab xav tau 75 GHz. Flex-grid WSS faib spectrum hauv 12.5 GHz increments ib ITU-T G.694.1, muab txhua lub teeb liab raws nraim qhov nws xav tau. Qhov muaj peev xwm sib txawv hauv qhov sib xyaw- tus nqi metro nplhaib khiav ob qho tib si 100G thiab 400G yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tawm C-band ntawm 50 wavelengths piv rau ncab nws dhau los 70 - uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha thaum koj ntsib L-band nthuav cov lus nug saum toj no.
Kev sib cav sib cav sib ceg ntxiv lwm txheej. Ntawm qhov ruaj khov - kab sib chaws ROADM nodes, tib tus lej channel tsis tuaj yeem raug muab tso rau ntawm ob qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm tib lub node - ib qho kev thaiv kab mob uas hnyav zuj zus ntxiv raws li cov channel suav nce. CDC architecture tshem tawm qhov no, tab sis tsuas yog tias cov khoom siv txhawb nqa nws los ntawm kev xa tawm thawj zaug. Peb TshuagDWDM mux/demux modules rau ruaj thiab flex-grid 40-channel C-band xa tawmrau ob qho tib si ruaj thiab flex-grid configurations, tab sis peb cov lus pom zoo ib yam rau cov neeg siv khoom ua greenfield tsim yog flex-grid ntawm cov txheej txheem passive. Tus nqi kho vajtse tus nqi them yog nyob rau hauv ib qho - tus lej feem pua; tus nqi zam rework tsis yog.
DWDM Channel Kev Ua Haujlwm yuam kev peb pom hauv kev xa tawm tiag tiag
Channel cov rooj yog standardized. Cov kev ua yuam kev tshwm sim hauv cov neeg siv lawv li cas.
Qhov teeb meem feem ntau peb ntsib thaum ua ntej- kev txhawb nqa xa tawm yog ITU channel ID misalignment hauv ntau- chaw muag khoom ib puag ncig. ITU-T G.694.1 tus lej xov tooj pib txij li 1, tab sis kev lag luam rooj sib tham rau 100 GHz C-band siv C17 txog C61. L-Band numbering yog qhov phem dua - Cisco's ONS 15454 siv qhov sib cais L-band channel tswvyim uas tsis qhia ib qho -rau-ib rau lwm tus neeg muag khoom tus lej (Cisco DWDM Reference). Thaum tus neeg siv khoom xaj pebtsau -wavelength DWDM SFP + transceivers ua ntej- teeb tsa rau ib qho ITU channel zausrau "channel 35," thawj yam uas peb cov engineers paub meej yog seb lawv puas txhais tau tias ITU channel 35 (193.5 THz / 1549.32 nm) lossis tus neeg muag khoom- tshwj xeeb channel daim ntawv qhia tus lej uas yuav sib haum mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub wavelength. Tau txais qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm txhais tau tias ob qhov kawg ntawm qhov txuas xa mus rau ntau zaus - qhov txhaum uas tsis tas yuav tshwm sim raws li qhov tsis ua tiav huv si; Qee lub sij hawm nws nthuav tawm raws li marginal BER uas dhau qhov kev lees paub tab sis degrades hauv load.
Alien wavelength tswj yog qhov thib ob underestimated txaus ntshai. Thaum tus thib peb -tog transponder txhaj DWDM teeb liab rau hauv kab uas tsis muaj kev paub txog qhov teeb meem ntawm cov yam ntxwv spectral, tus neeg txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem degrade wavelengths nyob ib sab. Kev tshawb fawb hauv Optica Applicata tau lees paub qhov kev sim hais tias neeg txawv teb chaws teeb liab bandwidth yuav tsum nruj tswj hwm los tiv thaiv qhov no (Optica Applicata). Rau cov neeg siv khoom siv peb cov modules raws li tus neeg txawv teb chaws wavelengths ntawm thib peb - tog kab tshuab, peb muab ntsuas spectral dav cov ntaub ntawv thiab pom zoo rau ib -channel tso lub hwj chim - qhov no tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv uas feem ntau tshwm nyob rau ntawm cov khoom datasheet, thiab nws tseem ceeb tshaj qhov transceiver daim ntawv teev nqi.
Qhov thib peb qhov teeb meem - tsawg dua tab sis kev puas tsuaj ntau dua - yog siv DWDM dhau qhov qub G.653 dispersion- hloov fiber ntau yam tsis suav rauplaub-yoj sib tov. DSF muaj nyob ze -zero chromatic dispersion hauv C-band, uas ua rau FWM ua tau zoo heev. Ib qho IEEE-cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg ntawm Taiwan lub submarine cable infrastructure tau qhia tias qhov no tau yuam kom rov tsim kho dua tshiab ntawm txoj haujlwm wavelength thiab qib zog ua ntej qhov txuas tuaj yeem nqa tsheb khiav (IEEE Xplore). Yog tias koj cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau suav nrog DSF ntu - feem ntau hauv cov tes hauj lwm tsim ua ntej 2005 - koj txoj kev npaj wavelength xav tau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug lossis L-band- tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm cov spans.
Peb tsim DWDM transceivers los ntawm 1G SFP mus rau 100G QSFP28 thoob plaws tag nrho C-band ITU daim phiaj, ntxiv rau mux/demux modules, EDFA cards, thiab chassis systems. Tag nrho cov lus channel thiab compatibility matrices yog nyob ntawm pebDWDM khoom page. Yog tias koj tab tom teeb tsa lub phiaj xwm wavelength rau kev yuav khoom, peb cov kws ua haujlwm tuaj yeem hla -xov koj cov haujlwm channel tawm tsam peb100G DWDM QSFP28 cov lus nugthiab paub meej tias kev ua raws li ITU ua ntej ua zaub mov xa tuaj.
FAQ
Q: Dab tsi ITU channels ua koj DWDM modules txhawb?
A: Peb 100G QSFP28 DWDM modules npog C17 txog C61 ntawm 100 GHz daim phiaj. Tunable variants tuaj yeem yog software- teeb tsa rau ib qho channel hauv qhov ntau. Rau 50 GHz-spaced systems, peb nqa ob qho tib si ruaj thiab tunable xaiv - hu rau peb pab neeg engineering nrog koj cov phiaj xwm channel rau kev sib piv cov qauv.
Q: Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li txheeb xyuas tus lej ntawm koj cov modules thiab kuv cov kab uas twb muaj lawm?
A: Muab koj tus neeg muag khoom kab thiab qauv rau peb thaum xaj khoom. Peb qhov ua ntej - ntawv pov thawj khoom xa tuaj suav nrog kev lees paub tias qhov wavelength thiab zaus koj lub cev xav tau ntawm tus lej ID channel sib xws li peb cov module yuav xa mus. Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev sib xyaw- chaw muag khoom ib puag ncig uas L-band channel tus lej sib txawv ntawm lub platform.
Q: Koj cov modules puas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li tus neeg txawv teb chaws wavelengths ntawm thib peb - tog DWDM systems?
A: Yog, thiab peb muab ntsuas spectral dav thiab pom zoo tso tawm cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws wavelength. Peb tau lees paub kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws nyob rau ntau lub hauv paus loj OLS - nug peb pab neeg rau cov ntaub ntawv sib raug zoo tshwj xeeb rau koj cov kab ke.