Optical link module xav tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua

 

Optical link modules hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau hauv cov teeb liab kho qhov muag rau kev sib kis ntawm fiber ntau -optic cables, ces hloov tau txais cov teeb liab kho qhov muag rov qab rau hauv daim ntawv hluav taws xob. Kev nkag siab txog qhov kev sib txuas kho qhov muag xav tau pab ua kom muaj kev xa mus tau zoo los ntawm kev ua tib zoo sib xws ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem network, suav nrog kev sib raug zoo, ib puag ncig, kev txwv tsis pub muaj zog, thiab kis tsis tau.

 

 

Qhov tseem ceeb Compatibility Requirements

 

Form Factor thiab Interface Matching

Port compatibility stands as the foremost consideration- lub transceiver module yuav tsum haum rau lub cev thiab ua haujlwm kom raug hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj npaj. Cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau suav nrog SFP rau cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi txog 10 Gbps, QSFP txhawb nqa txog 40 Gbps, thiab QSFP tshiab dua- DD thiab OSFP hom tsim rau 400G thiab 800G daim ntawv thov.

Cable hom, nyob deb, ceev, daim ntawv-factor, connector, thiab vendor compatibility yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txiav txim siab uas transceiver los yog cable koj xav tau. Ntau lub tuam txhab cov cuab yeej siv network siv cov txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas tus kheej los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau thib peb -party module compatibility.

Qhov tseem ceeb compatibility checkpoints:

Lub cev qhov ntev: Txheeb xyuas qhov module daim foos zoo sib xws muaj nyob hauv lub tawb

Hluav taws xob interface: Xyuas kom cov firmware thiab cov tsav tsheb txhawb nqa raws tu qauv (piv txwv li, hloov kho cov firmware hloov tshiab los txhawb NDR raws tu qauv thiab ua kom tsis siv neeg kho qhov muag module paub)

Tus neeg muag khoom coding: Qee cov keyboards yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb EEPROM coding kom paub txog cov modules

Chaw nres nkoj ceev: Xam tag nrho qhov chaw nres nkoj yuav tsum tiv thaiv chassis muaj peev xwm

Fiber hom kev sib koom tes

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib zaug -mode thiab ntau- hom fiber ntau cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ncua deb thiab daim ntawv thov tsim nyog-ib zaug- hom fibers excel ntawm qhov ntev- kis tau tus mob nyob deb thaum ntau - hom fibers haum rau luv luv.

Ob qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj kho qhov muag yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam: ib qho fiber ntau lossis dual fiber ntau hom yuav tsum sib phim, ib leeg - hom lossis ntau- hom hom yuav tsum sib haum, thiab wavelengths yuav tsum zoo tib yam (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ib qho - fiber ntau transceivers qhov twg xa / tau txais wavelengths txawv).

Multi- hom fiber ntau feem ntau siv 50µm lossis 62.5µm core diameters ua ke nrog 850nm wavelength transceivers kom ncav cuag li 2km. Tib - hom fiber ntau siv 9µm cores nrog 1310nm lossis 1550nm wavelengths, txhawb kev ncua deb ntawm 2km txog 80km lossis dhau ntawd.

 

Ib puag ncig thiab kev ua haujlwm

 

Temperature Range Classification

Muaj qib transceivers tiv taus kub ntawm -40℃thiab 85 degree, thaum coj mus muag qib modules ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 0℃mus rau 70 degree. Sab nraum zoov ib puag ncig nrog qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, xws li chaw nres tsheb sab nraum zoov, yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, qhov chaw ruaj khov nyob hauv tsev zoo li chav siv computer tuaj yeem siv cov khoom lag luam qib.

Temperature specifications muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb:

Kev lag luam kub ntau yam(0℃rau 70 degree):

Standard data center daim ntaub ntawv

Kev nyab xeeb-chaw tswj cov cuab yeej

Sab hauv tsev lag luam network

Chaw ua haujlwm tsev installation

Extended kub ntau yam(-20℃rau 85 degree):

Kev nyuaj sab nraum zoov

Tej thaj chaw deb kev sib txuas lus

Nruab nrab kev lag luam ib puag ncig

Muaj qhov kub thiab txias(-40℃rau 85 degree):

Kev tswj hwm kev lag luam thiab cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus tub rog xav tau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias

Hnyav sab nraum deployments

Kev thauj mus los

Lub zog hluav taws xob network

Qhov kub thiab txias cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev xa hluav taws xob, kev nkag siab ntawm tus neeg txais, thiab qhov yuam kev me ntsis (BER)- qhov kub thiab txias yuav txo tau lub zog xa hluav taws xob thiab txo qis cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob, thaum qhov kub qis tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog xa hluav taws xob ntau dhau ua rau lub teeb liab cuam tshuam.

Kev siv hluav taws xob thiab thermal tswj

Thaum ntxov 400 Gbps optical modules noj 10-12W, nrog ntev- lub sij hawm xav tau ntawm 8-10W, thaum 800 Gbps modules xav tau kwv yees li 16W. Kev siv hluav taws xob sib txawv los ntawm architecture-a 4: 1 gearbox tov siv 3.5W, 2: 1 gearbox 2.5W, thaum ib leeg-wavelength 100 Gbps tsim txo kev noj rau 1.5W.

Cov chaw zov me nyuam ntsib teeb meem loj zog raws li module ceev nce. Cov qauv siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov nqi hluav taws xob xwb tab sis kuj txo cov teeb meem cua sov ceev hauv qhov ntom ntom- cov chaw nres nkoj hloov pauv.

Kev txiav txim siab txog kev siv nyiaj txiag:

Xam tag nrho lub zog kos thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj

Account for 15% power increase at elevated temperatures (>70 degree)

Txheeb xyuas qhov hloov chassis fais fab mov muaj peev xwm

Xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm thermal-QSFP-DD tuav 8-10W thaum OSFP txhawb nqa 12-15W nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke heatsinks

Npaj cov txheej txheem ua kom txias txias rau siab - kev xa tawm ceev

 

 

Transmission Parameters thiab Performance

 

Cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi thiab kev ncua deb

Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau kev sib kis ceev txiav txim siab xaiv cov qauv- cov qauv sib txawv txhawb cov nqi sib txawv xws li 1 Gbps rau SFP, 10 Gbps rau SFP+, thiab txog 400 Gbps rau QSFP-DD. Kev sib txuas kho qhov muag txuas module xav tau nrog rau daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tiv thaiv dhau - kev muab lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.

Cov kev xav tau deb cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev xaiv tshuab:

Kev ncav cuag luv(txog 2km):

Multi- hom fiber ntau nrog VCSEL lasers

Tus nqi qis dua ib qhov chaw nres nkoj

5G fronthaul tes hauj lwm sib txuas cov hlwb me thiab Chaw Taws Teeb Hluav Taws Xob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm hnyav

Nruab nrab ncav cuag(2-10km):

Tib - hom fiber ntau nrog DFB lasers

Kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg

Kev sib txuas hauv tsev kawm ntawv

Ntev mus txog(10-40km):

Tib - hom fiber ntau nrog EML lasers

5G backhaul network aggregation thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau sib koom ua ke 100G / 200G / 400G modules hauv C-band

Txuas ntxiv mus(40km+):

Coherent detection technology

Ntau zog thiab tus nqi

Inter-cov ntaub ntawv chaw sib txuas

Rau cov khoos phis tawj ntse, kev teeb tsa muaj xws li 1920 800G OSFP DR8 optical modules txuas nrog hloov lub tsev rog-Too topology, paub txog ultra- siab- GPU kev sib tshuam nrog 500m kis tau tus mob.

Wavelength thiab Optical Budget

Lub wavelength specifications nyob rau hauv nanometers (nm) yuav tsum phim cov khoom siv network muaj peev xwm -cov wavelengths muaj xws li 850nm, 1310nm, thiab 1550nm.

Optical fais fab nyiaj txiag suav nrog peb yam:

Xa lub zog: Laser cov zis yuav tsum kov yeej fiber ntau attenuation thiab connector poob

Txais rhiab heev: Yam tsawg kawg nkaus pom tau lub teeb liab lub zog ntawm qhov kawg tau txais

Txuas pob nyiaj siv: Kev xa hluav taws xob kho qhov muag thiab tau txais rhiab heev yuav tsum poob rau hauv qhov sib xws ntawm cov keyboards ua ke

Xam cov peev nyiaj txuas: Total Link Budget (dB)=Transmitter Power - Receiver Sensitivity - Total Loss - Safety Margin

 

Kev xa tawm kev teeb tsa thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj

 

Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa

Kev txhim kho kom zoo txuas ntxiv module lifespan thiab tiv thaiv kev ua tsis tiav. Kev ntsuas qhov txuas kho qhov muag module xav tau ua ntej kev teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau tias koj muaj qhov tseeb specifications thiab txhawb kev tsim kho vaj tse nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.

Kev npaj ua ntej -installation:

Txuas ESD- tiv thaiv lub dab teg lossis pob taws pluaj raws li cov lus qhia

Txheeb xyuas cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv sib txawv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub network

Tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv fiber ntau rau kev sib kis

Khaws cov plua plav huv huv ntawm cov qauv thiab tiv thaiv kab ntawv nrog SFP lub tawb npog thaum tsis muaj cov modules

Installation sequence:

Tshem tawm tag nrho cov cables ua ntej txhim kho cov modules thaum tshem tawm los yog ntxig cov modules nrog fiber ntau -optic cables txuas tuaj yeem ua rau cables, connectors, lossis optical interfaces

Align module nrog chaw nres nkoj qhia rails

Swb lub module tag nrho rau hauv lub qhov (socket) kom txog thaum khov kho

Tighten captive screws nrog tus lej 2 Phillips ntswj ntsia hlau, tuav txoj cai ntsia hlau ua ntej sab laug

Tshem tawm optical bore plua plav plugs tsuas yog tom qab kev teeb tsa module

Txuas cov khoom siv fiber ntau txuas mus rau transceivers

Network Configuration Requirements

Configure kom raug cable hom (DAC/ACC/AOC) thiab kis nrug deb kom tsis txhob muaj ntau BER-AOC cables yuav tsum tau configured nyob rau hauv "active" hom.

Qhov tseem ceeb configuration parameter:

Duplex hom: Ceev thiab duplex hom yuav tsum tau teem rau yuam 100M, Gigabit tag nrho duplex lossis nws pib-kev sib tham- tsis sib haum xeeb teeb tsa tiv thaiv kev txuas

Flow tswj: Rau RoCE tes hauj lwm, ua kom muaj Kev Tswj Xyuas Qhov Tseem Ceeb (PFC) thiab Kev Ceeb Toom Qhia Txog Kev Pom Zoo (ECN) ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj hloov

Kev kho yuam kev: Teem kom tsim nyog Forward Error Correction (FEC) raws li nyob deb thiab modulation

Digital diagnostics: Pab kom Digital Diagnostic Monitoring (DDM) rau qhov tiag -lub sij hawm saib xyuas qhov kub, qhov hluav taws xob, thiab qhov hluav taws xob kho qhov muag

 

Daim ntawv thov -Kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb

 

Data Center Deployments

Cov chaw zov me nyuam yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ntau ntau -ib qho kev txiav txim siab loj dua li daim ntawv thov kev sib txuas lus- nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, qhov me me, thiab luv luv iteration cycles ntawm kwv yees li 3 xyoos. Kev ntsuas qhov txuas kho qhov muag xav tau rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau qhov ceev, lub zog, thiab latency.

Nplooj -qaum architectures xav tau:

Kev sib txuam latency thoob plaws txhua txoj hauv kev

High port ceev rau oversubscription piv

LPO (Linear Drive Pluggable Optics) modules rau ultra- luv- mus txog cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog qis tshaj plaws thiab latency, txawm hais tias yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm SerDes siab heev hauv kev hloov pauv ASICs

Industrial thiab Telecommunications

Kev ua tub rog yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg, tsis muaj kev sib txuas lus channel-optical link modules muab teeb pom kev zoo-raws li kev xa tawm tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis cuam tshuam ntau dua li xov tooj cua zaus.

Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam muaj qhov tseem ceeb:

Extended kub kam rau ua

Kev vibration thiab poob siab kuj

Ntev - kev cia siab rau lub sij hawm tsis muaj kev hloov ntau zaus

Lub nplhaib tsis txaus ntseeg txhawb nqa kev sib kis mus txog 12 Megabaud / thib ob dhau ntawm fiber ntau- optic txuas mus txog peb mais, nrog tus nqi ywj pheej los ntawm kev nyob deb

Cov chaw muab kev sib txuas lus ntsib teeb meem kho qhov muag txuas module xav tau los ntawm thaj chaw muaj ntau haiv neeg, txuas ntxiv mus txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, thiab cov neeg nqa khoom- cov qauv kev ntseeg tau qib.

 

Validation thiab saib xyuas

 

Ua ntej-Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm

Siv cov cuab yeej ping lossis ibping los txheeb xyuas qhov kawg -kom- xaus kev sib txuas lus thiab xyuas kom tsis muaj pob ntawv poob, tom qab ntawd khiav cov kev ntsuas bandwidth kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm yam tsawg kawg 90% ntawm kab ceev.

Daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas:

Me ntsis yuam kev ntsuas ntsuas hauv qab load

Optical zog theem nyob rau hauv specifications

Kub stability ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm ntau yam

Link flap test rau kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev sib txuas

Kev Kho Nthuav Tawm

Siv cov kev tswj xyuas network los sau cov cim suav nrog cov xwm txheej kho qhov muag, kev siv txuas, thiab PFC ncua lub sijhawm suav los ntawm kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag. Kev nkag siab txog qhov txuas txuas txuas txuas txuas txuas txuas txuas ntxiv xav tau pab nrog kev npaj muaj peev xwm thiab kev teem sijhawm hloov pauv.

Saib xyuas cov metrics tseem ceeb:

Optical kis tau tus mob thiab tau txais lub zog tiam sis

Module kub piv rau ambient tej yam kev mob

Me ntsis yuam kev tus qauv qhia tias degradation

Interface yuam kev suav thiab muab pov tseg

Khaws 20% ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj kho qhov muag thiab txuas bandwidth raws li kev lag luam kev lag luam loj hlob los txhawb kev nthuav dav hauv pawg los ntawm kev npaj peev txheej.

 

Cov lus nug nquag

 

Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv siv lub lag luam - qib module nyob rau sab nraum zoov kub hauv qab 0℃?

Thaum cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ua haujlwm sab nraud qhov ntsuas kub, lawv tsim cov teeb liab tsis ua haujlwm ntau dua thiab tuaj yeem raug kev puas tsuaj mus tas li hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav - lub zog ua haujlwm nce thiab cov khoom txais sab hauv ua teeb liab nrog qhov yuam kev loj. Kev lag luam modules tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias mechanisms thiab hardened Cheebtsam pom nyob rau hauv industrial variants, ua rau tsis ruaj tsis khov kev khiav hauj lwm thiab tej zaum yuav tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txias ib puag ncig.

Kuv puas tuaj yeem sib xyaw ib qho -hom thiab ntau- hom fiber ntau hauv tib qhov txuas?

Tsis yog. Ib qho -hom thiab ntau- hom fibers muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nthuav tawm lub teeb. Kev sim txuas lawv ua rau muaj teeb meem loj heev thiab kev sib kis tsis tau. Ob qhov kawg ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas kho qhov muag yuav tsum siv tib hom fiber ntau, thiab cov transceivers yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia.

Kuv yuav xam li cas yog tias kuv qhov hloov pauv muaj peev nyiaj txaus rau cov khoom siv ntxiv?

Xam qhov siab tshaj plaws kev siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov modules uas koj npaj yuav nruab, ntxiv 15-20% nyiaj siv ua haujlwm rau qhov kub thiab txias- ntsig txog kev nce ntxiv, tom qab ntawd sib piv rau qhov hloov chassis fais fab mov ntsuas qhov rho tawm hluav taws xob siv los ntawm lwm yam khoom siv. High-cov modules ceev xws li 400G thiab 800G tuaj yeem kos 10-16W txhua, siv hluav taws xob sai sai hauv kev teeb tsa siab. Ua tib zoo soj ntsuam ntawm optical txuas module xav tau kev tiv thaiv lub zog cuam tshuam txog kev xa tawm tsis ua haujlwm.

Vim li cas module compatibility tseem ceeb yog tias daim ntawv zoo haum rau lub cev?

Cov cuab yeej siv network feem ntau siv cov cuab yeej paub txog tus kheej los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm modules -thib peb-party modules yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem kev sib raug zoo thiab muaj peev xwm tsis muaj kev lav phib xaub txawm tias lub cev sib xws. Tshaj li lub cev haum, hluav taws xob teeb liab, firmware xav tau, thiab EEPROM coding yuav tsum ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Nco ntsoov txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom lossis kev sib raug zoo matrices.