GPON vs EPON: Dab tsi Passive Optical Network Technology Yuav Tsum Tau Txais?

GPON (ITU-T G.984) muab rau koj 2.5 Gbps downstream, ua- hauv QoS, thiab sib faib piv txog li 1:128 - nws dominates loj FTTH rollouts nyob rau hauv North America thiab Europe. EPON (IEEE 802.3ah) khiav symmetrical 1 Gbps tshaj ib txwm Ethernet thav duab, nqi tsawg dua rau ib qhov chaw nres nkoj, thiab ntsaws ncaj nraim rau hauv LAN infrastructure uas twb muaj lawm - nws ua rau East Asia thiab kev lag luam hauv tsev kawm ntawv network. Txoj kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm qhov ceev ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv bandwidth, thiab koj qhov backhaul twb zoo li cas.

 

Raws tu qauv sib txawv nyob rau hauv Plain Terms

GPON thiab EPON ob leeg siv passive optical splitters kiv cua ib fiber ntau tawm mus rau ntau qhov kawg. Kev sib cais tshwm sim tib yam nkaus. Dab tsi hloov yog li cas txhua lub tshuab ntim cov ntaub ntawv ntawm fiber ntau.

 

GPON siv GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method) framing txhais los ntawm ITU-T G.984. GEM chops variable -ntev pob ntawv rau hauv qhov ruaj khov- cov thawv loj, yog li OLT tuaj yeem sib xyaw lub suab, video, thiab cov ntaub ntawv khiav hauv ib lub kwj thiab faib cov bandwidth rau ib chav pabcuam. EPON siv tus qauv Ethernet thav duab kawg-rau- kawg, tswj hwm los ntawm IEEE 802.3ah thiab MPCP (Multi-Point Control Protocol) rau kev teem caij nce toj. Yog tias koj lub network tseem ceeb twb tau hais Ethernet - feem ntau cov lag luam LANs ua - EPON zam ib kauj ruam ntxiv rau tag nrho.

 

Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv no ua rau txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qho: kev ua tau zoo, QoS muaj peev xwm, khoom siv, thiab kev txhim kho txoj hauv kev.

 

Bandwidth: Qhov twg Txhua tus qauv yeej

GPON xa 2.488 Gbps nqis thiab 1.244 Gbps nce. EPON xa 1.25 Gbps hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia (kwv yees li 1 Gbps zoo tom qab 8b / 10b encoding). Ntawm raw download ceev, GPON yeej los ntawm ib qho ntawm ob.

 

Tab sis raw ceev teeb meem tsawg dua li cas bandwidth tau siv. GEM framing ntim cov tsheb thauj mus los siab dua 90% kev siv vim nws tsis ntim cov pob ntawv luv. EPON yuav tsum xa qhov tsawg kawg nkaus 64-byte Ethernet thav duab txawm tias cov khoom thauj me dua - xav tias cov pob ntawv VoIP - uas tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm cov chaw nyob hauv high-density txuas rau ntau pua tus neeg siv khoom ntawm OLT chaw nres nkoj. Ntawm 1:64 sib cais nrog lub suab hnyav, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo yog ntsuas tau.

 

EPON qhov zoo dua yog symmetry. Huab thaub qab, IP soj ntsuam lub koob yees duab, thiab cov ntawv thov tuav lub zog thawb cov tsheb thauj mus los hnyav. GPON txoj kev tsim asymmetric tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov haujlwm no. Yog tias koj qhov kev xa tawm xa cov ntaub ntawv ntau npaum li qis, EPON tshem tawm qhov kev txwv tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem.

Yog li thaum koj zaum rau spec ib tug tshiab nkag network, bandwidth ib leeg nqaim lub teb ceev. Tus tswv tsev FTTH xa cov yeeb yaj kiab- ntawm- thov, nyob IPTV, thiab internet rau 300+ tsev tawm ntawm OLT chaw nres nkoj xav tau 2.5 Gbps downstream headroom - GPON yog lub ntuj haum. Txawm hais tias ntawm 1: 64 sib cais, txhua tus neeg siv khoom tseem tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov peev txheej hauv qab lub sijhawm thaum yav tsaus ntuj thaum txhua tus ntws ib txhij. EPON's 1 Gbps qab nthab tau nruj raws li cov xwm txheej no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj tso nyiaj rau encoding nyiaj siv ua haujlwm thiab cov padding khib nyiab ntawm luv luv - pob ntawv tsheb.

 

Hloov qhov xwm txheej mus rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv lag luam uas khiav hauv nruab nrab huab cia, 200- lub koob yees duab IP soj ntsuam, thiab VoIP PBX. Upstream tsheb rivals los yog tshaj downstream. GPON's 1.244 Gbps upstream cap dhau los ua qhov txwv tsis pub, tsis yog nws cov dej ntws muaj zog. EPON's symmetrical 1 Gbps muab kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam hauv ob qho kev qhia yam tsis xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm OLT txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov dej ntws. Lub Ethernet-native framing kuj txhais tau tias tsawg dua raws tu qauv hloov dua siab tshiab cov kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem nkag thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv core hloov - ib qho tsawg dua los daws teeb meem ntawm 2 teev sawv ntxov

 

 

QoS thiab Traffic Management

GPON tsim QoS rau hauv cov txheej txheem. Peb txoj kev tswj hwm - embedded OAM, PLOAM, thiab OMCI - lis encryption, kev soj ntsuam yuam kev, kev faib bandwidth, thiab tej thaj chaw deb ONT kev npaj ib txwm muaj. Dedicated T-CONTs (Hloov Thawv) tuaj yeem lav qhov tsawg kawg nkaus bandwidth rau lub suab thaum sib faib cov peev txheej seem ntawm cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv. Rau ISPs broadband, IPTV, thiab VoIP, qhov no tseem ceeb heev -.

EPON tsis tau tsim- hauv QoS. Koj tswj hwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsheb khiav los ntawm 802.1Q VLAN cov cim npe, DiffServ cov cim, lossis tus neeg muag khoom- tshwj xeeb txuas ntxiv. Nws ua haujlwm, tab sis nws ntxiv cov txheej txheem teeb tsa thiab qee zaum yuav tsum tau them nyiaj ntau dua OLT hloov kho vajtse los tuav SLAs zoo ib yam thoob plaws - cov neeg siv tsheb thauj mus los. Rau cov kev pabcuam cov ntaub ntawv dawb huv - internet- tsuas yog tsev nyob lossis chaw lag luam Ethernet - uas cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm ntxiv tsis tshua muaj kev ncaj ncees, thiab EPON qhov yooj yim yeej. Ntau lub lag luam EPON kev xa tawm lis QoS tag nrho ntawm Txheej 3 ntug router, hla PON txheej tag nrho.

 

Yog tias koj tus qauv kev lag luam nyob ntawm kev xa peb lossis ntau hom kev pabcuam tshaj ib fiber ntau - broadband, linear TV, thiab lub suab yog qhov classic ua ke - GPON's T-CONT architecture khwv tau nws qhov nyuaj. Koj muab txhua chav pab cuam nws tus kheej lub thawv nrog lub lav lav bandwidth pem teb, thiab DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation) lub cav rov faib cov peev txheej tsis siv nyob rau lub sijhawm. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias tus neeg siv rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv loj tsis ua rau cov neeg nyob sib ze cov yeeb yaj kiab kwj nruab nrab ntawm -frame, txawm tias thaum sib cais. Sim ua kom tiav tib qhov kev sib cais ntawm EPON yuav tsum tau muab tso rau sab nraud QoS cov cai ntawm OLT thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov pauv nruab nrab, uas ua rau nce peev nyiaj thiab qhov chaw teeb tsa uas koj yuav tsum tswj hwm.

 

Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau lub tes hauj lwm nqa ib qho kev pabcuam - internet nkag tau - thiab tsis tas yuav muaj kev lav phib xaub rau ntawm PON txheej. Lub nroog broadband tej yaam num, tsev kawm ntawv Ethernet extensions, thiab industrial IoT backhaul tag nrho poob rau hauv lub thoob no. Rau cov kev xa tawm no, EPON qhov tsis muaj kev tsim- hauv QoS tsis yog qhov tsis txaus; nws yog irrelevant complexity tshem tawm. Qhov yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, tsawg dua kev ua tsis tiav hom thaum daws teeb meem, thiab qhov me me ntawm kev cob qhia peev rau koj pab neeg ua haujlwm.

 

 

Split ratio, ncav cuag, thiab dab tsi tiag txwv lawv

GPON txhawb nqa mus txog 1: 128 cais; 1:32 thiab 1:64 yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. EPON khiav 1:16 txog 1:32 feem ntau. Ob lub thev naus laus zis mus txog kwv yees li 20 km ntawm OLT thiab qhov deb tshaj ONT ntawm qhov sib faib ib txwm. GPON cov nyiaj siv hluav taws xob siab dua me ntsis muab nws cov npoo zoo dua ntawm kev sib cais siab thiab khiav ntev dua.

 

Cov qauv qhia rau koj lub qab nthab. Daim teb qhia koj qhov koj tau txais tiag tiag. Kev sib cais tiag tiag yog nyob ntawm hom fiber ntau (G.652D vs G.657A), qhov sib txuas polish qib (APC vs UPC), qhov sib cais ntawm qhov poob, thiab seb cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab puas tau ntxuav txhua lub ntsej muag txuas ua ntej kaw lub thawv. A 1: 64 GPON phua rau ntawm daim ntawv hloov mus rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm 18 km yog tias koj muaj ob lub SC / APC cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov fiber ntau khoov hauv qab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov chaw khiav haujlwm.

 

Ua ntej cog lus rau kev sib cais, ntsuas qhov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas ntawm qhov kawg. Xyuas tias kojGPON ONU davhlau ya nyob twgreceiver rhiab heev muaj tsawg kawg yog 2-3 dB ntawm margin saum toj no qhov txuas xa tom qab tag nrho cov splitter, connector, thiab cable poob. Cov paj no suav nrog kev laus ntawm cov khoom qub, yav tom ntej splices, thiab lub caij ntuj sov viav vias uas hloov fiber ntau attenuation.

 

Hauv nroog loj FTTH tsim qhov chaw nyob deb tshaj plaws nyob hauv 5 km ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab, ob qho tib si GPON thiab EPON ua tau zoo ntawm 1:32. Cov nyiaj siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag yog qhov dav, qhov kev sib txuas poob tau zam txim rau, thiab koj muaj cov npoo kom seem rau yav tom ntej splice cov ntsiab lus. Kev xaiv thev naus laus zis hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawd nyob ntawm lwm yam - bandwidth, QoS, tus nqi - tsis nyob ntawm lub cev txheej.

 

Cov lus nug sib cais tau nthuav ntau dua nyob rau hauv suburban thiab semi{0}} nyob deb nroog tsim qhov kev ncua deb mus rau 15-20 km thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov neeg siv khoom pom zoo 1:64. GPON cov nyiaj siv hluav taws xob ntau dua absorbs qhov kev faib tawm ntxiv thiab tseem tshuav cov npoo rau ob peb cov khoom siv qias neeg lossis tsawg dua - dua - zoo meej splice. EPON ntawm 1:64 tshaj 18 km yog technically nyob rau hauv spec, tab sis koj ua hauj lwm nrog yuav luag tsis muaj margin - ib tug degradation nyob rau hauv lub fiber cog (tus nas zom, ib tug siv nick, ib tug weathered connector) tuaj yeem thawb qhov txuas hauv qab no. Yog tias koj npaj yuav khiav qhov sib cais siab ntawm qhov deb, GPON lub qhov rooj kho qhov muag tsis yog xaiv tau - nws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub network ruaj khov thiab ib qho uas ua rau muaj kev ceeb toom tsis sib xws txhua zaus hloov pauv.

 

 

Tus nqi sib txawv tiag tiag, Tsis yog OLT Nqe

Txoj cai qub - "EPON pheej yig dua" - muaj tseeb thaum GPON chipsets cia siab rau FPGAs kim. Niaj hnub no, kev sib koom ua ke GPON SoCs tau kaw ib qho -chaw nres nkoj sib txawv. Muab piv tus nqi ib leeg tsis nco txog daim duab TCO tiag tiag. Plaub yam tseem ceeb tshaj:

 

1. OLT thiab ONU unit nqi:Nyob ze parity tam sim no. EPON tseem tab tom ua ntej me ntsis rau kev xa tawm me me hauv qab 200 cov neeg siv khoom uas GPON qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tsis tau ncaws tawm.
2. Module compatibility:Lub transceiver tsis sib haum ua rau qhov sib txuas flaps uas tsim cov tsheb thauj khoom. Tshawb xyuas daim ntawv foos, wavelength (1310/1490/1550 nm rau PON), host firmware coding, thiab DDM kev them nyiaj yug ua ntej yuav. Ib qho meejDaim ntawv txheeb xyuas cov transceivertiv thaiv kev ua yuam kev ntau tshaj plaws.
3. Fiber thiab connector xaiv:G.652D ib leeg- hom rau cov qauv khiav, G.657A rau nruj- khoov sab hauv tsev routing. APC connectors rau PON (tso rov qab-relection). LSZH tsho rau sab hauv tsev plenum qhov chaw. Cov kev txiav txim siab no sib xyaw ua ke - tsis ncaj ncees lawm connector polish ib leeg tuaj yeem raug nqi 0.5 dB rau ib khub mating, txaus los thawb qhov txuas txuas mus rau qhov tsis ua tiav.
4. Kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua:GPON's OMCI thiab TR-069 kev txhawb nqa ua rau cov chaw taws teeb firmware hloov kho dua tshiab, saib xyuas kev ua tau zoo, thiab kev sib cais tsis raug yam tsis tau xa cov kws tshaj lij. EPON's SNMP-raws li kev tswj hwm yog yooj yim dua tab sis tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig. Rau cov neeg siv khoom loj, GPON kev tswj hwm chaw taws teeb txo qis ib tus neeg siv OPEX tshaj li 5-7 xyoo lub neej.

•  

Rau ib qho ISP me me lossis kev koom tes hauv zej zog sib txuas sib txuas 100-200 thaj chaw nrog ib qho OLT, EPON tus nqi nkag qis dua tseem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig nyiaj txiag. Koj tab tom yuav tsawg dua OLT daim npav, koj cov neeg siv suav tsis suav nrog 1: 64 sib cais, thiab koj qhov kev pabcuam yog hauv internet-tsuas yog - yog li GPON's QoS thiab cov yam ntxwv tswj tsis xa cov nyiaj khaws cia txaus los cuam tshuam cov nqi khoom siab dua me ntsis. Khaws cov pawg yooj yim, khaws cov peev nyiaj nruj.

 

Cov lej hloov pauv ib zaug koj hla kwv yees li 500 tus neeg rau npe lossis pib muab cov kev pabcuam bundled. Ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawd, GPON lub peev xwm los khiav 1:64 splits txhais tau tias tsawg dua OLT cov chaw nres nkoj thiab tsawg dua cov khoom noj fiber ntau los npog tib qhov chaw pabcuam. Nws OMCI thiab TR-069 kev tswj chaw taws teeb txo qis cov tsheb thauj mus los rau ib tus neeg siv khoom hauv ib xyoos - ib qho kev ntsuas uas ua rau OPEX nyob rau hauv ib qho kev nkag mus rau hauv network. Thiab yog tias koj muag IPTV nrog rau broadband, T-CONT bandwidth guarantees zam cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab thiab churn uas los ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm ncov. Tshaj li 5-7 xyoo khoom vaj khoom tsev, cov nyiaj khaws cia no zoo dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv thawj zaug sib txawv.

 

 

Regional Market Reality

GPON dominates North America thiab Europe. AT&T, Deutsche Telekom, thiab Orange tau tsim lawv cov FTTH tes hauj lwm nyob ib ncig ntawm nws rau triple -ua si xa thiab sib raug zoo nrog TDM / ATM kev nqis peev uas twb muaj lawm.

 

EPON coj hauv East Asia. NTT, KT, thiab Tuam Tshoj Telecom tau tsav FTTH kev tsim kho loj heev uas siv qis - tus nqi EPON silicon los ntawm cov chipmakers hauv tsev. Ethernet txoj kev tswj hwm hauv Asian lag luam network tau txhawb qhov kev xaiv ntawd. Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav cov cuab yeej siv rau kev xa tawm hauv cov teb chaws Es Xias Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj, koj yuav pom qhov sib sib zog nqus EPON cov saw hlau nrog cov sij hawm luv luv ntawm ONU Tshuag. Yog tias koj nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas lossis Tebchaws Europe, GPON cov chaw muag khoom ecosystems yog cov paub tab ntau dua thiab cov ntaub ntawv kuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tau yooj yim dua.

 

Kev lag luam tawm tshiab hauv Africa thiab South America tau nce GPON rau greenfield FTTH vim tias qhov sib faib ntau dua ua haujlwm ntau dua rau OLT - qhov kev txiav txim siab kom zoo dua thaum fiber ntau trenching yog cov kab loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov peev nyiaj. Qee tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov cheeb tsam no siv dual -mode XPON ONU kho vajtse kom lawv cov kev xaiv qhib thaum pib tawm, hloov ntawm GPON thiab EPON hom nyob ntawm seb tus neeg muag khoom OLT twg yeej qhov kev sib tw rau ib cheeb tsam.

 

 

Txhim kho rau 10G yam tsis muaj kev rov tsim dua

Ob tus qauv muaj 10-gigabit successors uas koom nrog cov cuab yeej qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tib lub fiber ntau los ntawm kev sib tshooj wavelength - tsis muaj forklift upgrade yuav tsum tau.

GPON hloov mus rau XG-PON (10G down / 2.5G nce) thiab XGS-PON (10G symmetric, ITU-T G.9807.1). EPON txav mus rau 10G-EPON (IEEE 802.3av) hauv ob qho tib si asymmetric thiab symmetric hom. Ob txoj hauv kev tso cai rau koj tsiv teb tsaws cov neeg rau npe ib zaug, hloov ONTs maj mam thaum cov neeg siv tam sim no txuas nrog. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj yog lees paub tias koj muaj ODN - splitters, thaj vaj huam sib luag, thiab lub cev fiber ntau - ua tau raws li cov nyiaj siv kho qhov muag nruj dua uas 10G signaling xav tau. Yog tias koj qhov txuas GPON tam sim no khiav nrog tsuas yog 1 dB ntawm cov npoo, 10G overlay ntawm tib qhov sib cais yuav tsis kaw.

 

Cov tivthaiv uas tau hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho 10G yog qhov kho qhov muag module hauv OLT thiab ONT. Dual- hom khoom siv xws liXPON ONU stick transceivertxhawb GPON thiab EPON hauv ib qho SFP, uas ua kom yooj yim cov khoom lag luam rau cov neeg ua haujlwm khiav sib xyaw ua ke lossis nruab nrab- tsiv teb tsaws.

 

 

Yog vim li cas qhov kev sib piv no los ntawm kev xa mus

Qhov no tsis yog cov qauv -cov ntaub ntawv xaus. FB-LINK tau tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag sib txuas txij li xyoo 2012, nrog ntau tshaj 300 tus kws tshaj lij thiab 1,600 m² cleanroom ntau lawm chaw hauv Shenzhen. Cov khoom lag luam npog tag nrho FTTx cov saw txuas:GPON OLT chassisnrog 8 thiab 16 PON chaw nres nkoj, GPON thiab EPON ONU terminals hauv 1GE los ntawm WiFi- qauv ua ke, XPON dual- hom ONU sticks, thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab thaj cords txuas rau lawv. Cov khoom lag luam muaj CE, RoHS, ISO 9001, thiab ISO 14001 ntawv pov thawj, nrog rau cov chaw pabcuam hauv cheeb tsam thoob plaws Asia thiab Africa.

 

 

Cov lus nug nquag