Yog tias koj tau ua haujlwm nrog cov xov tooj cua, wi {{{- fi cov khoom siv, koj tau hais txog kev hloov kho vajtse, koj tau hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv-} Koj puas pom tau nws lossis tsis paub. Lub sij hawm tsuas yog "transmitter + tau txais," tab sis hauv kev ua engineering, ib qho kev hloov tsheb, ib qho kev hloov pauv tau ntau dua li ob lub voj voog ntau dua li ob lub voj voog ntim rau hauv ib qho ntawm ib leeg. Nws yog qhov ua tib zoo tsim RF lossis kho qhov muag ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, kuaj pom, kev hloov pauv, thiab hloov dua siab tshiab hauv qab kev ua tau zoo.

Cov neeg feem coob cuam tshuam kev hloov pauv nrog wireless khoom siv, tab sis koj yuav pom lawv cov khoom sib txuas lus {} Khi} Khi} Khi}} haul kho kho qhov muag saib xyuas.

 

 

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Ua li casKev hloovMuaj nyob

 

Cov kws ua engineers tsis ua ke nrog kis thiab tau txais cov haujlwm tsuas yog kom txuag chaw. Qhov kev txhawb zog tiag tiag yog qhov system muaj kev ncaj ncees.

Thaum kev sib kis thiab kev txais tos nyob hauv cov thawv nyias nyias, ob peb yam ua rau mob taub hau:

Impedance mismatches

Xav tau cov txuas ntxiv → ntau ntxiv poob

Kev rho tawm tawv ntawm cov txiv ntseej thiab rx paths

Loj dua bom thiab siab dua tus nqi tsim

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ob txoj hau kev rau hauv ib chav tswj tau ua rau tus cwj pwm RF deb dua. Koj tau paub txog cov cim ntsuas teeb liab, sau cov duab suab nrov, ruaj khov hloov lub sijhawm, thiab nqus dej nqus dej duwlexing kev ua tau zoo.

Nws kuj tseem tshwm sim los txo cov chaw nyob - Cov teeb meem uas tseem ceeb rau cov xov tooj ntxov thiab cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.

 

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Qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim

 

 

Txhua qhov system uas xav tau ob {- txoj kev sib txuas lus yuav tsum tau transceiver. Ob peb engineering - txoj piv txwv cuam tshuam:

1. RF & Wireless Systems

Smartphones (multi - band ltte / 5g transceivers)

Wi {- fi routers thiab nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus

Bluetooth thiab ble modules

Walkie - Kev Sib Tham, PTT Radios, SDR Platforms

Lora, ZigBee, z - yoj, thiab lwm yam IOT Radios

Niaj hnub niaj hnub RF Transceivers tuaj yeem coj cov bands ntawm zaus, ntau yam kev tswj hwm ntau dua, thiab kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob ntau sab hauv ib pob khoom loj ntawm cov rau tes.

2. Copper network cuam tshuam

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ethernet (10base-5, 10Base-2), transceers tau cais cais cov modules txuas nrog ntawm AUI cable. Tam sim no lawv tau koom ua ke rau hauv nics thiab hloov chaw:

Phy + Mac + transceiver hauv ib nti

Ua {- hauv auto-} kev sib ceg, echo tshem tawm, fec, thiab lwm yam.

3. Fiber Optic Systems

SFP / SFP +

QSFP / QSFP28

CFP, XFP

Bi {- di kho qhov muag transceivers

Cov kev hloov pauv no hloov cov hluav taws xob cov cim rau kev kho mob pulses thiab nraub qaum, thaum lub rooj sib tham nruj me me cov peev nyiaj thiab kub yuav tsum muaj.

 

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Cov khoom xa tawm vs. Transceerer: qhov txawv txawv

 

A kev xa tawmTsuas yog thawb cov ntaub ntawv sab nraud.
A kev hloov siabUa raws ob leeg cov lus qhia, tab sis cov engineering nuarance yog qhov no:

Lub xa tawm tsis xav tau kev sib cais lossis lub ntsej muag.

Transceiver. Thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov kev ua siab phem nyob qhov twg:

Hloov ntawm TX thiab Rx(Tud cov ntsiab lus)

Ib txhij TX / RX ntawm cov pej xeem sib txawv(FDD lub tshuab)

CrosStalk thiab Takeage tswj

Dynamic nce tswj thiab lim

Nws tsis yog ob lub voj voog rau sab - {{seem- nws yog ib txoj kev sib koom tes RF system.

 

 

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Dab tsi nyob sab hauv transceiver

 

Nyob ntawm qhov nruab nrab (RF, tooj liab, kho qhov muag), muaj kev hloov pauv), muaj kev hloov pauv:

Hauv zos oscillator thiab pll

Modulator / Demodulator (QPSK, QAM, ONDM, thiab lwm yam)

Mixers thiab yog tias theem

Lnas thiab Pas nrog kev tawm tswv yim loops

Band -} Pass thiab anti -} cov ntxaij lim dej aliasing

ADC / DAC rau Digital Baseband

Tsis siv neeg tau txais kev tswj lub voj voog

Tsav tsheb kho qhov muag + photodies (rau fiber ntau modules)

Hauv lwm lo lus, ib qho kev hloov pauv yog ib feem ntawm cov kab ke uas ua cov ntaub ntawv hnyav {{tig cov ntaub ntawv mus rau cov cim ntawm lub cev thiab rov kho cov cim uas tau txais thaum kawg.

 

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Vim li cas hloov teeb meem hauv cov nruab nrab

 

Engineers rely rau transceivers vim tias lawv muaj:

Kev ua tau ruaj khov rf hauv cov qauv sau cov ntsiab lus

Tsawg Zog Siv

Cov suab nrov zoo dua thiab kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm

Pressility duplex kev ua haujlwm

Txo cov board nyuaj

Yog tsis muaj transceivers, niaj hnub wireless niaj hnub yuav tsis haum rau hauv koj lub hnab tshos, thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw yuav tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas lawv cov khoom siv fiber ntau.

 

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Tag

 

Ib transceiver tsis yog lub transmitter thiab lub reciver tau ntim ua ke. Nws yog lub tshuab sib txuas lus uas tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm, nce kev tswj hwm, khawm, thiab kos npe hloov pauv ntawm RF, tooj liab, thiab kho qhov muag. Raws li wireless thev naus laus zis hloov zuj zus thiab cov kev hloov pauv, kev hloov pauv nyob twj ywm ib qho ntawm cov tsev ntsiag to tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tsis pom ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.