Transceiver siab bandwidth ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsheb
Oct 31, 2025|
Kev daws teeb meem siab transceal siab tswj hwm cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntws tawm ib txhij ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob ib zaug. Cov cuab yeej siv tau siv cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm siab dua li Pam4 mus rau ob chav cov ntaub ntawv kis tau yam tsis muaj kev nce qib ntawm lub peev xwm, ua tiav nrawm los ntawm 100 GBPS rau ib qho chaw nres nkoj.
Lub Ntiaj Teb Kev Lag Luam Hloov Pauv Hloov Pauv Hloov Qhov kev nthuav dav no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav ncaj qha los ntawm 9 zettabytes nyob rau xyoo 2017, nrog rau 9 zettabytes nyob rau xyoo 2017% ntawm kev thov kev loj hlob los ntawm 2030.
Architecture ntawm high - bandwidth cov ntaub ntawv tuav
Niaj hnub nimno Transceal siab bandwidth ua haujlwm los ntawm ib tug peb - theem txheej txheem uas hloov kho qhov muag siv kho tshiab. Cov hluav taws xob interface tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov pob hluav taws xob ntawm tus nqi nce mus txog li ntawm 400 geters rau 80 kilometers nyob ntawm hom qauv.
Silicon photonics tau tawm raws li cov xwm txheej lub platform rau cov khoom siv no. Intel xa tawm dua 1.7 lab Silicon Photic Transceage hauv 2023 ib leeg, ntes cov ntu ua lag luam uas tam sim no sawv cev ntau dua 20% ntawm tag nrho cov datacom kho qhov muag transical. Cov silicon photonic sib xyaw Circuit Court (pic) kev ua lag luam los ntawm $ 95 lab nyob rau hauv 2023 rau ib tug projected $ {}}
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus dag hauv kev koom ua ke ntom ntom. Tsoos Kev tsim kho cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj cov khoom sib txawv- lasers, modulators, photodetectors- txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm manually. Silicon photonics ua ke cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob, txo cov nqi ntau lawm los ntawm 20% piv rau architecture tsis sib xws.
Peb nruam - lub sijhawm linear cov teeb tsa taw qhia teeb liab ntawm cov pob sib txawv. Thawj theem boosts siab- cov cim zaus nyob rau hauv 10 GHT} Lub sijhawm poob mus txog rau nruab nrab ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog DC nce rau tsawg- zaus ruaj khov. Kuj tsis paub meej txog kev nce qib nce ces nthuav dav nthuav dav ua ntej kev npaj cov teeb liab rau kev piv txwv.
Pam4 kev daws teeb meem: Bandwidh Lem
Mem cov mem tes los sib cais 4 -}}}}}}}}} kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev hloov kho transceal ntawm 400g thiab 800g hla cov cuab yeej tshiab uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov twg tsoos NRZ (tsis - rov qab 00, 01, 10, lossis 11-rau xa ob lub cim.
Qhov no pov tseg cov ntaub ntawv zoo uas tsis xav tau ib qho kev nce qib hauv BAPAL tus nqi. Ib qho 800g network sau ntawm Yim Lanes ntawm 100 Gbps (50 GBPS Pam4) es muaj kaum rau txoj kab ntawm 50 GBPS NRZ. Tus lej yog ncaj: haloving tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab uas yuav tsum tau txiav cov nqi chaw nres nkoj, txo txoj kev siv lub cuab yeej siv tau muaj fiber ntau.
Lub tshuab luam ntawv tshwm sim hauv kev teeb liab - rau {{1} {tsis muaj suab sib piv. Pam4 plaub qhov amplitude qib teeb rau hauv tib voltage viav vias li NRZ ob theem, txo qhov kev sib tw ntawm qib ib qho {}} ntawm nrz spacing. Qhov no tsim lub theoretical SNR kev nplua ntawm kwv yees li 10 dB (20 × Logix (1/3), Ua Pam4 cov ntsiab lus tau ntau dua cov suab nrov, Crosstalk, thiab Dispersion.
Xa mus rau qhov yuam kev kho tau rau cov muaj kev tiv thaiv no. Niaj hnub Pam4 transceivers siv cov algorithmicated niaj hnub ntawm ob qho tib si hloov thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv encoding ua ntej kev xa khoom. Kev xeem tau pom tias tsim tau cov pa4 transceivers tuaj txog li 25 dB ntawm cov nuj nqis tsis ua haujlwm hauv qab 10} {6} {kais pub mis pub dawb.
Lub hwj huam kev noj muaj hluav taws xob sib npaug tseem nyob ib qho nyuaj. Pam4 kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau teeb liab kev teeb liab kev ua rau kev sib luag thiab ua ntej}} nyiaj ntawm ob qho tib si kis tau. Ib tug 1.6 TBPS transceiver feem ntau noj nyob ib ncig ntawm 30 watts, nrog DSP kev sib tw nyiaj txiag rau ntau dua ib nrab ntawm lub zog kos. Tsis tau qhov no tseem sawv cev rau kev txhim kho dhau ntawm kev khiav ob npaug ntawm NRZ txoj kab kom ua tiav kev hloov pauv transceal.
Tiag {- ntiaj teb xa ntawm AT & T ua piv txwv cov nplai. Lawv 400g {{{{{} Raws li tus ip backbone petresic txhua hnub, nrog architecture tsim los ntsuas raws li bandwidth thov nce. QSFP28 Pam4 DWDM Transceivers Tam sim no txhawb nqa txog li 4 km ntawm kev sim ua ke uas tshaj tawm txog kev rhuav tshem thiab cov teebmeem fiber ntau.
Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Txhim Kho thiab Chaw Ua Si Lom Zem
Lub Transceeral kev lag luam tau muab cov ntaub ntawv me me ntawm QSFP (Quard Me me -}} tus qauv rau transceals high muaj ntau ntxiv nrog txhua tiam. QSFP28 dominates 100g cov kev xa tawm nrog cov qauv 4 × 25 gbps me me {}}}} kev sib tw rau 400g kev sib tw.
QSFP - dd tswj kev sib txuas nrog qsfp28 mechaurical specifications thaum ob npaug ntawm kev sib kis hluav taws xob ntawm 8 × 50 Gbps Pam4. OSFP muab lub zog siab dua lub peev xwm {{} mus txog 15 watts} tseem ceeb rau dsp - kev sib koom tes sib haum. Txawm li cas los xij, OSFP nthuav qhia nws tus kheej txoj kev nyuaj nrog peb daim qauv sib txawv: Qhib} {} sab saum toj, thiab caij cov khoom kub taub hau.
Lub 800g tiam tawg ntxiv ntxiv. Qee qhov kev siv siv OSFP fin nrog yim txoj kab ntawm 100 gbps rau ib txoj kab, thaum lwm tus tso OSFP112 lossis QSFP112 cov variants. Cov chaw ua haujlwm network yuav tsum yog txheeb xyuas qhov sib txuas sib xws, ib yam li 400g network interface, tsis lees paub cov qauv xov xwm thiab muaj hluav taws xob qhia txog cov hluav taws xob.
Cov ntaub ntawv xa khoom los ntawm 2024 qhia txog cov toj roob hauv pes. Kwv yees li 60% ntawm Transceiver ntim poob nyob rau hauv 10 {-} 2 GBPS ntau, muab kev txhim kho lub hauv paus ntawm Enterprise thiab Telecom Intrastrasure. Ib Leeg {{{}} Mas hom Fiber Transceivers Cov 61% ntawm ntau cov khoom xa tuaj yeem 39%, feeb meej nyob rau hauv luv luv cov ntaub ntawv thov.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm hyperscale yog thawb thaj tsam sai dua. Google thiab cov teeb meem huab sib tw dhau 5 lab chav nyob ntawm 824, kev pom zoo kev hloov mus rau tom ntej no- tiam nruj. Ua ntej {-}} partication 1.6nt ua pov thawj {}} tswv yim tso tawm los ntawm 2024 ib leeg, qhia txog qhov nrawm ntawm thev naus laus zis ntawm kev coj ua.
Cov ntaub ntawv chaw tsheb khiav thiab cov txheej txheem tsim kho
Cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv txhim kho muaj peev xwm loj hlob ntawm 2005 thiab 2025, mus txog 114 gigawatts. Annual growth rates accelerated dramatically after 2018, with capacity installations posting double-digit percentage increases every year through 2025. The 2019 growth rate of 18.6% marked the fastest expansion, while 2025's estimated 17.7% increase ranks second-best in the measurement period.
Cov tsev hluav taws xob no tau teb rau kev nce tsheb tsis pub muaj. Cov ntaub ntawv chaw cov ntaub ntawv tau noj 485 terawatt -}}}} kev siv hluav taws xob hauv 2024, sawv cev 1.7% ntawm lub ntiaj teb hluav taws xob xav tau. Projections qhia yuav luag noj yuav luag ob npaug rau 945 twh ntawm 2030, tsav feem ntau los ntawm AI qauv kev cob qhia thiab cov haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Asia - Pacific Bamtional muaj peev xwm xa tawm hauv 2024, kwv yees kom ncav cuag 26.1 GW los ntawm 2028-ib tug 21% xyoo kev loj hlob ib xyoos ib zaug. Thaj av tau haus kwv yees li 320 twh ntawm hluav taws xob rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw haujlwm hauv 2024, nrog kev thov muaj peev xwm tsoo 730 ntawm qhov xav tau, tsim cov kev xav tau zoo ntawm daim phiaj av.
Rack kev ntsuas Ntiav qhia txog zaj dab neeg muaj hwj chim ntau dua li. Tsoos ib txwm muaj cov neeg rau zaub mov noj 5 {}}}}}} {{{{{} tiam gpu gpu pawg GPU cov nyom GBU. AI workloads tsim cov ntom ntom nti: ib qho NVIDIA DGX H100 GPU Server System Cov nkoj nrog 800 Gbps chaw nres nkoj ua haujlwm. Qib qib no ntawm kev cuam tshuam Transceiver siab bandwidth daws uas tuaj yeem ua tus qauv sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj.
North - Sab Qab Teb Tsheb Qauv-} Cov ntaub ntawv txav ntawm cov hauj lwm thiab keeb kwm nyob rau hauv keeb kwm dominated cov ntaub ntawv tsim. Ai Kev Kawm Reverses no. East {- sab hnub poob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas xav tau kev ntxhov siab hauv cov kev siv hluav taws xob ib txwm tsis tau ua.
Meta lub peev siv nyiaj siv teeb tsa kev teeb tsa ua piv txwv txog cov nplai kev nqis peev. Lawv kev siv nyiaj yuav ncav cuag $ 65 txhiab xyoo nyob rau hauv 2025, los ntawm $ 3,2- 40 txhiab xyoo nyob rau hauv 2024, faib ntau rau AI infrastructure. Microsoft cov phiaj xwm $ 80 nphom hauv nyiaj txiag 2025, muaj peev nyiaj $ 40 lab nyiaj txiag muaj peev xwm thaum muaj hnub nyoog AI
Coherent vs Ncaj nraim Nrhiav tau: Xaiv cov thev naus laus zis zoo
Kev txiav txim siab hom kev txiav txim siab cais ua ob lub chaw pw ntawm kev sib kis thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau. Direct {{1} Nrhiav Pam4 ua haujlwm luv rau qhov nruab nrab (txog kaum tawm {{}}} kev siv tau zoo ua ntej qhov yooj yim. Coherent modulation cov hom phiaj ntev {5 5}} haul cov ntawv thov yuav tsum muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws uas xav tau ntau dhau ntau pua mais. Cov koom haum xa mus rau Transceal siab bandwidth infrastras tsim yuav tsum ntsuas qhov kev ua kom sib phim qhov twg thiab muaj peev xwm xav tau.
Coherent System hloov kho ob qho tib si amemitude thiab theem ntawm lub teeb liab kho tshiab zoo li QPHEK (Quard exepitection Concitulation). Qam-16 encodes 4 Cov khoom nyob rau ib lub cim, kev ua tiav Spectral efficiency uas Dwarfs Pam4's 2 Khoom rau ib lub cim. Qhov kev ua tau zoo no los ntawm tus nqi ntau: coeerent transceators yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv hauv zos, thiab cov kws kho mob hauv zos uas tsav fais fab tuag rau} watts ib module.
Daim ntawv thov ciam zaum ib ncig 80 kilometers. Rau cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab kev sib tshuam nyob rau hauv cov chaw tso moos hauv Metro, 400g ZR / ZRUX lim tau ua ke nrog cov kev them nyiaj los ntawm cov lis dej numu Hauv qab no 80km, IP - over {{} {}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}
Rau qhov deb hauv 25 km thiab qhov chaw nyob qhov twg DWDM Wavelength Xaiv teeb meem tab sis tus nqi rhiab} band dwdm transce muaj txoj kev nruab nrab. Cov modules no txhawb nqa txog 16-channel passive percultural nrog kwv yees cov nqi txuag nyob ib ncig ntawm 30% piv rau tag nrho cov kab tshuab, thaum tsis txhob muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
Kev ua lag luam Seg appmentation cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv rau 61% ntawm Optical Transceival nyiaj tau los hauv 20,87% Kev siv roj ntsha hypirale nce transceivers cov kev hloov pauv tsis ncaj ncees rau ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab, nrog cov nyiaj pab sib npaug rau cov neeg muaj nyiaj ntxiv $ 600 xyoo.
Kev ua haujlwm fais fab tshwj xeeb los ntawm co -} backing optics
Kev tso cai hloov pauv hloov mus rau lub khawm hloov pauv ntawm faceplate {0} mounted cim tseg rau traverse 14-16 nti ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm hluav taws xob kab ke thiab cabling cabling. Qhov kev sim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntev no qhia txog kev poob, reflections, thiab crosstalk uas ua rau muaj cim taw qhia kev ncaj ncees. Cov teeb liab teeb liab cov txheej txheem them rau cov tsis zoo, ntxiv latencies (feem ntau 30-50 nanoseconds) thiab siv ntau zog.
Co -} backed Optics (CPO) tshem tawm cov teeb liab txoj kev no. Los ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke ntawm silicon photoriversivers cov transceivers ncaj qha mus rau tib lub pob uas hloov hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob txuas los ntawm nti rau millimeters. Cov cim kev ncaj ncees txhim kho kev ua qauv loj, tso cai tshem tawm ntawm DSP sab nraud. Kev siv thaum ntxov tshaj tawm kev daws tau ntawm 3.5 × piv rau cov kev hloov pauv hloov tau cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug.
Cov lus tshaj tawm Nvidia ntawm GTC 2025 cov lus qhia kom ze. Lawv Quanum thiab Spectrum Hloov ICS tam sim no ua ke ncaj qha rau ntawm {2} Kev txo cov khoom lag luam thiab txo Latency. Rau Ai cov chaw zov me nyuam uas muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov 30} {} {} {} {}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} {watts.
Txoj kev ntseeg tau txoj kev ntseeg tau kuj tseem hloov. Cov kev hloov pauv hloov tau muaj nyob ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab, sib tiv tauj cov siab, thiab thermal kev tswj hwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj peev xwm uas yuav siv sijhawm. CPO Cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke muaj tsawg dua cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv ua kom yooj yim cua sov, muaj feem txo cov nqi tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm qhov ntau.
Kev xa tawm kev nrawm txhim kho. TransChier {-} Cov tshuab yuav tsum muaj cov Technician lossis ntau pua tus qauv rau kev sib txuas, paub meej tias txhua yam Doa (tuag rau tuaj txog) chav. CPO hloov mus txog nrog Optics ua ntej-}} Cov NVIDIA qhia txog li "Unbox
Cov thev naus laus zis tseem nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov kev saws. Manufacturing Co {-} Packing Optics yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm hloov cov neeg tsim qauv, thiab semiconductor uas tus neeg muag khoom module uas tsis xav tau. Kev tswj hwm thermal dhau los ua kev nyuaj ntau dua thaum kho qhov muag thiab cov khoom hluav taws xob sib qhia ib pob ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub hloov ntawm qhov kub. Cov kev lag luam kwv yees muaj kev soj ntsuam CroPread
Wavelength division multiplexing rau kev siv fiber ntau
Lub wavess wavelength faib multiplexing (DWDM) muaj peev xwm siv tau ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntws tawm ntawm cov kev kho qhov muag txawv kho qhov muag ntawm kev tawm tsam. Niaj hnub neeb DWDM Systems Txhawb Nqa 96 wavelengths nyob rau hauv c- band}} perning 100g, lossis 800g ntawm cov tsheb. Thaum ua ke nrog transceiver siab bandwidth modules, dWDM pab kom muaj peev xwm ua yuam kev ntau tshaj 38 terabits ib ob ntawm ib khub fiber ntau.
Cov phiaj xwm nthwv dej ua raws li ITU, feem ntau yog thaj chaw nyob ntawm 50 GHz (kwv yees li 0.4 nm) lossis 100 GHz (kwv yees li 0.8 nm) sib nrug. Passive optical components-arrayed waveguide gratings or thin-film filters-combine (multiplex) these wavelengths at the transmit side and separate (demultiplex) them at the receive end, requiring no active power for the wavelength selection itself.
QSFP 28 100 g dco (coc.ce optics) transceivers) transceivers) transceivers ua piv txwv txog cov thev naus laus zis. Cov modules ua tiav 80 {{{5} kev sib kis tau thaum tswj cov qsf28 chaw nres nkoj. Los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke lasers, teb cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem kho cov phiaj xwm DWDM tshwj xeeb, muab cov phiaj xwm uas tau hloov kho uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau.
Lub aggrate muaj peev xwm xam ua ke. Tus 96 {{{- channel dwdm system nrog 100g ib wavelengred muab khoom noj 9.6 tbps dhau ib khub fiber ntau. Kev hloov kho rau 400g rau ib qho wavelength thawb lub peev xwm mus rau 38.4 TBPS. Muab qhov uas txhim kho cov fiber ntau - Tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj hauv nroog ntev lossis cov khoom siv nyiaj daus las ib puag ncig ntawm cov nyiaj mais,
Tiag - NTIAJ TEB Kev nqis ua ke sib txawv los ntawm kev deb thiab kev thov. Cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab kev sib txuas ua ke hauv tsev kawm ntawv (< 2km) often use Coarse WDM (CWDM) with wider channel spacing and fewer wavelengths, reducing component costs. Metro networks (2-80km) deploy DWDM over passive infrastructure. Long-haul networks (>80kM) Ntxiv qhov kho kho qhov muag tshiab txhua 60}}}}} 2 kilonfigurable kho qhov muag ntxiv-tso cov tshuab tswj hwm network, thiab sophisticated network tswj hwm.
Txoj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv niaj hnub pub wavelength kev haum nyob rau hauv lub teb, yoog hloov cov kev cai tsis muaj kev hloov kho lub network. Operators can shift capacity between routes by simply retuning wavelengths and updating routing tables, providing operational agility that fixed-wavelength systems cannot match.
Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Ua Lag Luam Hauv Cheeb Tsam
North America raug ntes 39% ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Center Networking kev ua lag luam hauv 2024, uas tsav los ntawm thoob plaws kev lag luam thoob plaws enterprise, tsoomfwv, thiab cov haujlwm. Asmeskas kev ua lag luam tshwj xeeb yog npaj kom loj hlob ntawm 16% CGN los ntawm kev tshawb fawb AI
Tuam Tshoj txoj hauj lwm hauv Asia - pacific tsim nyog paub meej. Lub teb chaws muaj kev lag luam ntau tshaj plaws hauv 2024 los ntawm nws lub siab xav txog tus kheej- huab kev nthuav dav ecosystem. Cov cai tswjfwm teb chaws suav nrog cov txheej txheem tshiab txheej txheem tsim kho tshiab thiab digital areriaties thiab digital areriaties thiab digital ortivers Lub teb chaws cov nyiaj tau kwv yees li 49% ntawm tag nrho Asia {{}} Pacific cov ntaub ntawv nqis peev.
Teb chaws Europe tau nrov plig plawg - d Frankfurt tuav cov qes qis tshaj plaws ntawm 6%, nrog kev muaj hwj chim muaj zog txwv. Amsterdam txoj kev sib txuas lus zoo siab dua cov xwm txheej xav tau, tab sis nruj kev cai thiab lub zog txwv kev tsim kho qeeb. London cov mov tsis muaj peev xwm txawm tias muaj lub zog xav tau, tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev ua kom siab phem hauv txoj kev sab hnub poob.
Kev ua lag luam kho qhov muag transce transce qhia tawm cov kev hloov pauv hauv cheeb tsam hauv cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov nyiaj. Asia {- pacific ua nrog 39% ntawm cov tsheb thoob ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv 2024, European Tebchaws Middle East thiab Africa Account rau 1- 5%. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg sib txawv: Asia-Pacific posts Qhov kev nthuav dav nrawm tshaj plaws los ntawm 5G canests hauv North America thiab Huab Qaum Ntuj hauv North America thiab Europe qhia Steadier tab sis muaj kev loj hlob ntau.
Tus nqi ntsuas sib xws cuam tshuam txog kev tsim cov nplai kev lag luam. Qhov nruab nrab muag cov nqi rau 400g transce resned los ntawm $ 800- Cov qauv zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim hauv 100g nqi, uas compressed los ntawm $ 200-300 rau $ 100-150 rau tib lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntshav-ntug 800g thiab 1.6t modules tswj hwm tus nqi siab tshaj $ 2,000 rau ib teev thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm ntxov.
Kev ua tau zoo thiab tiag - kev ntsuas ntiaj teb
Kev Sib Kis Deb Deb Cov Lus Qhia Sib Txawv Sib Txawv los ntawm Transceiver hom thiab fiber ntau. Luv -}}}}}}}}} {}}}}}}}}}} {met rau kev sib txuas hauv ib lub tsev sib txuas. Ib Leeg - hom fiber ntau (smf) txuas mus ua haujlwm tshaj 10 km}}
Qhov yuam kev kho cov nyiaj siv ua ntej siv nyiaj ua haujlwm siv cov feem pua ntsuas ntawm cov bandwidth. Ib "400g" Ethernet Lin ua haujlwm tau ua haujlwm ntawm 425 GBPS kom haum Rs-544 fec encoding, uas ntxiv ib qho kev sib piv me ntsis rau txhua yim cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no 12.5% overhead tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus yuam kev tab sis txo cov ntawv thov txo qis rau cov nominal 400g specification.
Ntsuas kev ntsuas latency cais los ntawm feem. Lub sijhawm siv hluav taws xob tawm ntawm fiber ntau dua li 5 microseconds rau ib mais kev siv tab sis cuam tshuam rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov tab sis cuam tshuam rau cov roj teeb qhov twg. Kev ua tshuab hluav taws xob latency sib txawv: yooj yim ncaj qha-}}}}}}}} nanoseconds. CO-PACTAGED Optics minimizes qhov no rau hauv qab 10 nanoseconds los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov theem DSP nkaus.
Lub hwj chim ib zaug sawv cev rau qhov tseem ceeb metricic. Niaj hnub 400g Qsfp- DD Cov Codules haus 10 {}}} 12 watts, sib npaug li ntawm 25-30 picojoules ib me ntsis. Keeb kwm 100g QSFP28 Modules siv 3.5-4.5 Watts, lossis 35-4.5-45-45-4.5-45-4.5 Coherent 400g zr modules laub Zog rau 15-20 Watts muab lawv cov kev xav tau DSPisticated.
Kev ua kom kub kub qhia cov khoom siv hloov chaw. Kev Lag Luam -}} transce transceivers ua haujlwm los ntawm 0 {}}}}}}}}} 70 degree, haum rau kev nyab xeeb cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv. Muaj cov hom sib txawv txuas ntxiv rau -40℃rau +85℃rau sab nraum zoov, cov khoom siv sib txuas, thiab cov ntug kev sib tw tsis muaj kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig. Qhov no dav hlau yuav tsum tau sib txawv laser kev tsim qauv thiab ntim khoom ntim hauv uas ua rau raug nqi loj.
Cov thev naus laus zis thiab yav tom ntej txoj kev
Linear Plugmable Optics (LPO) sawv cev rau lub tshuab ua lag luam tsim tshiab tsis ntev los no uas hloov DSP cov haujlwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv mus rau hauv qhov hloov hluav taws xob. Los ntawm tshem tawm cov module -} kev hloov pauv ntawm DSP, LPO TransPce Haus thiab raug nqi thaum tswj kev sib xws nrog cov foos foos uas twb muaj lawm. Kev lag luam kwv yees hais tias tus nqi yuav txo 800g module nqi, ua rau Transpent d
Thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis. Txawv hloov cov neeg muag khoom siv DSP lub peev xwm txawv, thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem kev pabcuam hluav taws xob, thiab cov txheej txheem kev qhia hluav taws xob, thiab cov txheej txheem kev qhia siv hluav taws xob, thiab kev ua haujlwm txuas rau hauv kev txhim kho hauv IEEE thiab OFF ua haujlwm pab pawg.
Tshawb nrhiav rau Pam8 thiab Pam8 Tes txuas ntxiv, txawm tias cov suab paj nruag tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub siv cov ntaub ntawv siv ua haujlwm. PAM6 siv rau lub caij nyoog ua kom nrov rau ib lub cim (sawv cev 2.6 khoom), thaum Pam8 ntiav yim qib (3 me me). Lub teeb liab - rau - cov tswv yim no yuav tsum muaj cov ntawv sau ua ntej luv luv uas negates lub peev xwm tau txais txiaj ntsig.
3.2 TBPS Pluggable Transgeivers nkag mus hauv cov kev sim siab nyob rau hauv lig 2024, hom phiaj 2026 ntau lawm xa tawm. Cov cuab yeej siv no ua haujlwm rau xyoo 200 gbps nyob rau hauv txoj kab lossis 8 kab khiav ntawm 400 gbps {{9}- txoj kab thev naus laus zis. Lub 200g serdes yuav xav tau tom ntej- cov khoom siv muaj nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho Cycles ua raws li kev txhim kho kho qhov muag.
Quantum xam thiab kho qhov muag xam kev siv sawv cev kom ntev dua - sij hawm rau photonic kev koom ua ke. Thaum cov kev hloov pauv ib txwm hloov cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob thiab kho kho kho kho kho qhov muag, cov duab tom ntej yuav tswj cov cim hauv cov theem kev ua haujlwm. Silicon Photonics muab lub platform rau kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag waveguides, thiab detectors {{{}} teev quantum ntaub ntawv ua.
Lub Sustainab tsis muaj peev xwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Cov Chaw Teev Cov ntaub ntawv twb muaj nuj nqi rau 1.7% ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab feem pua no yuav nce tshwj tsis yog kev ua tau zoo tshwj tsis yog kev ua tau zoo. Kev cog lus kev lag luam xws li Tebchaws Europe Cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab 100%, tsim lub zog txuas ntxiv mus rau txhua qhov sib txawv. Transceivers noj 3.5 × tsawg zog los ntawm co -} kev txhawb nqa cov ntsiab lus muaj nuj nqis rau cov hom phiaj no.
Cov Lus Nquag Nug
Dab tsi txiav txim siab qhov ntau tshaj plaws bandwidth ib qho transceiver tuaj yeem lis?
Qhov siab tshaj plaws bandwidth nyob ntawm peb lub hom phiaj ua ke (PAM4 DUA DIVERSIONAL LANES (8-txoj kab kev tsim kho Ib qho 400g transceiver feem ntau siv 8 txoj kab ntawm 50 GBPS PAM4, thaum 800g cov haujlwm ua haujlwm 8 kab khiav ntawm 100 Gbps. Kev txwv lub cev zoo li laser bandwidth, lub npe photodetector thaum pib dispersion kawg txwv txhua txoj kab yuav ua haujlwm.
Yuav ua li cas Transceiver bandwidth txawv los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm network?
Transceiver bandwidth hais txog tus nqi teeb liab raw - lub cev txheej txheej. Network tokput account rau kev ua raws tu qauv nyiaj siv ua haujlwm, kev txhim kho yuam kev, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag cov ntaub ntawv. Ib qho 400g transceer ua haujlwm ntawm 425 Gbps Raw tus nqi kom haum rau kev kho cov kev ua yuam kev hauv ntej rau sab nraud, xa mus kwv yees li 400 gbps tom qab FEC tawm suab. Kev ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm Ethernet Framing, TCP / IP he ip headers, thiab cov kev cai ua raws cai ntxiv txo kev tawm tsam zoo. Hauv kev xyaum, kev thov yuav pom 370-390 Gbps ntawm kev siv Bandwidth los ntawm "400g" kev sib txuas.
Cov Chaw Tshaj Tawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qub Dua Qub dua rau high - bandwidth transceivers puas yog tsis hloov fiber ntau?
Feem ntau, yog. Pam4 {{{{}}} Raws li 400g thiab 800g transceivers tshwj xeeb (70} {}} hom fiber ntau dua kev sib txuas ntev. Qhov kev sib txuas zoo no tau ua rau Transceal siab bandwidth hloov kho cov koom haum kev lag luam uas muaj cov khoom siv fiber ntau. Qhov tseem ceeb constraint yog fiber ntau fiber ntau yuav muaj kev sib raug zoo, micro-bending poob, lossis kev cuam tshuam txaws uas tsis muaj kev ncua deb. Ib tug cim fiber ntau (cov kev poob siab, rov qab poob, kev ntsuas ntsuas kev ntsuas) txiav txim siab ntxiv cov kev ua kom loj hlob. Cov metres feem ntau ua haujlwm ntev li 80 km thiab hloov chaw hloov, tab sis yog qhov xav tau.
Dab tsi ua rau transceivers kom swb rau qhov siab - bandwidth kev siv?
Kev ntxhov siab thermal no raws li cov ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm. Siab -} Ceev transce tsim cua sov (10 {} 30 watts) nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ua haujlwm me me, thiab ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm me me, thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm tsawg dua thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Connector sib txuas ua rau kho qhov muag tsis zoo-ib chav plua tshauv Kev muab hluav taws xob zoo rau muaj teeb meem: Voltage ripple lossis transients tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj rawv. Thaum kawg, cov firmware kab los yog cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab cov khoom ua kom sib txuas uas tshwm sim ua cov txheej txheem lub cev tab sis qia ntawm software.
Cov kev pabcuam hauv ntiaj teb txhawb nqa cov kev pab cuam thoob ntiaj teb so ntawm Transceal siab thev naus laus zis siv ntau pua pua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsheb. Raws li Ai cov haujlwm tsav hluav taws xob ceev ceev rau 250 kilowatts ib tus rack thiab khib cov ntaub ntawv los txhawb nqa kev txhim kho tshiab los ntawm kev txhim kho kev txhim kho kom tau txais kev txhim kho. Kev hloov pauv ntawm 100g mus rau 400g rau 800g transce ua sawv cev tshaj li bandwidthing {}} nws embodies ua ke ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv rau kev sib sau ua ke.
Tseem Ceeb Takaways
High - bandwidth transceivers ua tiav 100 gbps rau kis ob npaug rau ib lub cim ntau dua li yav dhau los 1 me ntsis
Silicon photonics kev sib xyaw hloov pauv hloov ntawm 30% thiab kev siv fais fab ntawm 20% piv rau kev ua lag luam ntawm 45% cagr
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Chaw Muaj Peev Xwm loj hlob ntawm tsibfold los ntawm 2005 txog 202 Gigawatts, Drivatts, Tsav los ntawm AI cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 2030
Co -}} Packaged Optics Tshem Tawm Sab nraud DSPs thiab txo cov kab kos kab kos duab los ntawm 14 ntiv tes, ua tiav 3.5 × fais fab kev hloov pauv piv rau cov pa hloov
DWDM tshuab ntau tshaj fiber muaj peev xwm los ntawm kev xa khoom 96 wavelengths ib strand, xa mus txog 38.4 TBPs nrog 400g ib yoj yoj
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Teev
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