Pluggable Transceiver Cov txiaj ntsig: Vim li cas thiaj xaiv Modular Optics
Apr 20, 2026| Ntawm OFC 2025, Arista co-tus tsim Andy Bechtolsheim tau sib cav tias cov kab tawm - tsav tsheb tuaj yeem sib phim co- ntim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm 1600G, yog li qhov nyuaj ntxiv ntawm CPO yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev pom zoo. Lub lis piam tom qab, Meta luam tawm ECOC cov ntaub ntawv xeem uas qhia CPO ua tiav kwv yees li 2.6 lab lub cuab yeej- teev MTBF tawm tsam 0.5 txog 1 lab rau cov qauv qub. Ob daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv ntseeg tau, rov qab xaus. Kev sib cav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiaj ntsig transceiver piv rau kev sib koom ua ke photonics tsis yog kev kawm ntxiv lawm; tam sim no nws tab tom txhim kho kev yuav khoom tam sim no (APNIC Blog).
Peb tsim thiab xa cov modules no. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias peb muaj kev lag luam txaus siab rau qhov kev sib tham no, thiab peb yuav tsis ua lwm yam. Tab sis peb kuj tseem khiav qhov kev sib tw sib tw thoob plaws lub platform hloov thiab txhawb cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm kev xa tawm tsis ua haujlwm, uas txhais tau tias peb pom qhov twg modular optics tiag tiag tuav thiab qhov twg lawv tsis ua.
Kev Pabcuam Lej Uas Cov Neeg Muag Khoom Gloss dhau
Ib tug yuam kev400G QSFP-DD moduletawm hauv qab ob feeb. Tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj xyuas lub ferrule, ntxuav lossis hloov nws, tshawb xyuas DDM nyeem, thiab qhov txuas rov qab. Tag nrho cov moj tej tawg tawg: ib qhov chaw nres nkoj.
CPO hloov qhov sib npaug. Thaum lub tshuab kho qhov muag zaum hauv lub pob hloov, lub photonic- txheej tsis ua hauj lwm tuaj yeem yuam hloov tag nrho lub rooj tsavxwm lossis chassis. Txawm tias cov qauv tsim siv cov khoom siv laser sab nraud tseem tawm tsis tau - teb- hloov pauv cov khoom siv photonic ua ib qho kev ua tsis tiav. Qhov no tsis yog kev txhawj xeeb hypothetical; nws yog lub hauv paus vim li cas cov neeg ua haujlwm hyperscale tseem rov mus xyuas kev lag luam architecture -tawm.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv teb ua rau rooj plaub ntau pob tshab. Thoob plaws ntau tshaj 2,600 cov chaw zov me nyuam, cov khoom sib txuas sib kis rau kwv yees li 67% ntawm qhov kev sib txuas kho qhov muag tsis ua haujlwm, raws li IEC 61300-3-35 fiber ntau qhov kev soj ntsuam cov qauv (Wikipedia - IEC 61300). A 2-micrometer particle ntawm ib qho -mode endface tuaj yeem cuam tshuam 40% ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag. Cov no tsis nyuaj -down tsis ua hauj lwm. Lawv tsim qhov tsis sib thooj me ntsis thiab dhau los ntawm kev degradation uas nyuaj rau kev cais tawm yam tsis muaj kev soj ntsuam xyuas qhov chaw nres nkoj. Nyob rau hauv ib tug kub-swappable modular architecture, koj rub tus neeg phem chav tsev, soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv ib tug Scope, thiab daws. Hauv kev tsim CPO, tib yam kab mob sib kis tau qhia thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom yuav raug kos.
Thermal Resilience
Xyoo 2024 Arizona cua sov nthwv dej tau tsav lub tsev no ntawm qhov ntsuas. Cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv khiav passive-cooled modules pom 23% tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm kub hnyiab.
$2.3 lab
Tus nqi hloov pauv thaum muaj xwm txheej zam dhau los ntawm cov chaw cuam tshuam thaum lub sijhawm kub hnyiab ua tsaug rau TEC-cov khoom siv.
Cov cuab yeej siv TEC- cov khoom siv tau kaw tsis raug. Tus nqi ib qho - tus nqi them tus nqi yog nyob ib ncig ntawm $80. Tus nqi hloov pauv xwm txheej ceev zam hla cov chaw cuam tshuam: kwv yees li $ 2.3 lab. Thaum peb spec thermal tswj rau cov neeg siv khoom nyob rau hauv siab - ib puag ncig puag ncig, qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv siv peb pib los ntawm.
Dab tsi MSA Tiag Tiag (thiab Dab tsi EEPROM Kev lees paub ntsiag to yuav ploj mus)
Ntau-Qhov Kev Pom Zoo Ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau txhais tau tias QSFP28 los ntawm ib tus neeg muag khoom poob rau hauv MSA- ua raws li lub tawb. Rau kev yuav khoom, qhov no txhais mus rau ntau- tus neeg muag khoom siv zog, kev sib tw tus nqi siab, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib leeg - tus neeg muag khoom nyob ntawm ib leeg. Ib tus neeg tsav tsheb thauj khoom tau hloov OEM-branded 10G modules nrog thib peb- togMSA-ua raws lwm txoj kevhla xya qhov chaw thiab txiav transceiver siv kwv yees li ntawm $ 2.1 lab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm 68% channel luv nqi.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov spec thiab daim teb los ntawm EEPROM authentication. Cisco, Juniper, thiab Arista txhua tus sau cov cim tus kheej rau hauv tus neeg muag khoom- tshwj xeeb nco chaw nyob ntawm SFP EEPROM. Thaum tus tswv tsev hloov pauv nyeem cov lej tsis lees paub ntawm khau raj, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam DDM telemetry, teev cov lus ceeb toom tsis tu ncua, lossis lov tes taw qhov chaw nres nkoj ncaj qha. MSA txhais cov hluav taws xob thiab kho qhov muag interface, tsis yog firmware tuav tes ntawm tus tswv tsev (Wikipedia - Daim ntawv me-factor Pluggable)
Peb daws qhov no txhua hnub. Peb pab neeg engineering tswjcoded compatibility profiles rau loj hloov platformssuav nrog Cisco Nexus 9300-series, Arista 7060CX, thiab Huawei CE series.
// EEPROM DUMP CHECK
| ADDR 0xA0: | 0x43 0x49 0x53 0x43 0x4f |
| ADDR 0x94: | AUTHEN_VALID |
| DDM NYEEM: | -6.2 dBm |
Coding ib leeg tsis lav tag nrho functionality, ho. Kev xa tawm cov kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag tau qhia peb tias txoj kev nyuaj: 200 SFP-10G-LR modules los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom tau dhau qhov kev sim sib txuas, tab sisKev soj ntsuam DDMtab pom greyed tawm ntawm tus tswv tsev hloov. Kaum yim lub hlis tom qab, thaum muaj hnub nyoog -txog TX lub hwj chim degradation pib cuam tshuam cov kev sib txuas, pab pawg ua haujlwm tau xoom thaum ntxov- ceeb toom. Qhov yuam kev hloov pauv raug nqi kwv yees li $ 47,000 ntxiv rau peb hnub ntawm kev kho qhov rais dov. Cov modules ua haujlwm. Kev soj ntsuam tsis tau. Qhov sib txawv ntawd yog qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom tiag tiag nyob.
Scaling Tsis Overcommitting Cov Nyiaj Txiag
Ib nrab ntawm -loj huab cua muab kev pabcuam tsuas yog tus txha nraub qaum xwb- nplooj nplooj uplinks xav tau ntawm kev tshaj tawm es tsis yog ua ntej- xa tag nrho- qhov ceev 100G hla txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj. Thawj CapEx khaws cia: ib ncig ntawm $ 800,000. Thaum kev loj hlob ntawm kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau ntxiv uplinks kaum yim lub hlis tom qab, pab neeg tau teeb tsa cov modules incrementally nrog xoom kho vajtse hloov.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam yog nqaim dua li cov ntaub ntawv muag khoom siv. Cov khoom siv nrog modular optical sockets nqa 10 mus rau 25% tus nqi them nqi tshaj qhov ruaj khov - optics sib npaug, raws li tus nqi luam tawm thoob plaws peb lub chaw muag khoom loj. Tus nqi ntawd rov qab los thaum qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev teeb tsa hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv lub neej ntev tshaj li 30%. Kev lag luam hauv tsev kawm ntawv rov kho dua 5 mus rau 7 xyoo yuav luag ib txwm hla qhov pib. Lub hom phiaj- tsim HPC pawg nrog cov txheej txheem ruaj khov thiab 3-xyoo lub neej feem ntau tsis ua.
QSFP-DD backward compatibilityntxiv tangible procurement value. Hloov nrog QSFP-DD tawb khiav QSFP28 modules ntawm 100G hnub no thiab lees txais400G QSFP-DD DR4 lossis FR4 modulesTom qab ntawd tsis muaj kev hloov kho forklift. Qhov no tsis yog theoretical yav tom ntej - pov thawj. Nws yog ib kab - qhov kev txiav txim siab uas tiv thaiv CapEx tam sim no thaum khaws cov ntaub ntawv hloov kho txoj kev qhib.
Qhov twg peb qhia cov neeg muas zaub tsis txhob yuav Modular
Kev txawj ntse kev ncaj ncees txhais tau tias lees paub cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev tsim vaj tsev no poob. Meta's ECOC cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas 800G modules siv kwv yees li 15W ib qhov chaw nres nkoj piv rau CPO ntawm kwv yees li 5.4W rau qhov sib npaug bandwidth, txo hwj chim 64%. Nyob rau ntawm hyperscale, qhov twg ib qho chaw ua haujlwm ntau txhiab ntawm kev sib txuas kho qhov muag, qhov delta ntxiv mus txog megawatts hauv kev ua haujlwm lub zog thiab cov khoom txias.
Kuj tseem muaj tus nqi tsis tu ncua -ib - ntsis qab nthab. Kev lag luam tsom mus rau kwv yees li ntawm 1 Gbps-ib - daus las barrier uas module ntim, connectors, thiab ib -unit testing ua structurally nyuaj rau tawg. Ntawm 51.2T hloov qhov ceev, pem hauv ntej- vaj huam sib luag vaj huam sib luag ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog: tsuas yog tsis muaj qhov chaw tawb txaus los teeb rau txhua txoj kab SerDes ntawm tag nrho cov bandwidth nrog cov qauv sib cais.
Cov kev txwv no muaj tiag. Lawv kuj piav qhia txog ib qho kev xa tawm tshwj xeeb: ultra- siab- qhov ceev AI kev cob qhia pawg nrog sub-2-meter ncav cuag, kwv yees topology, thiab pab pawg ua haujlwm tau npaj los tswj cov kev kho qhov muag tsis zoo. Qhov profile ntawd sawv cev rau ib qho me me thiab loj hlob tab sis tseem nqaim ntu ntawm tag nrho cov network infrastructure. Rau txhua yam, kev pabcuam thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv sib cais tseem yog txoj hauv kev pheej hmoo tsawg.
Xaiv los ntawm Deployment Context
Cov ntaub ntawv chaw txha nraub qaum-nplooj ntawm 400G, qhov chaw nres nkoj suav hloov nrog cov neeg xauj tsev xav tau thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ops tig cov qauv niaj hnub, tseem nyob ruaj khov hauv thaj chaw modular. DCI metro links khiav coherent 400ZR nyob rau hauv QSFP-DD daim ntawv yam tseem ceeb tau zoo so haujlwm proprietary transponder thawv rau kev ncua deb li ntawm 120 km. Enterprise lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab ceg tes hauj lwm yog tsis txawm hu xov tooj; ntev refresh cycles, ntau-v khoom hloov ib puag ncig, thiab txwv ntawm -qhov chaw kho qhov muag uateb-swappable transceiver modulestsuas yog ua haujlwm zoo xaiv.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis zoo yog AI / ML kev sib txuas. Rau GPU-rau-GPU txuas hauv qab 2 meters qhov twg topology raug kho ntawm kev xa tawm thiab tsis hloov pauv, CPO lossis ntawm -board optics thaum kawg tuaj yeem ua pov thawj kev lag luam kev pabcuam- tawm. Rau cov kev tswj xyuas uas tseem tshuav, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, thiab sab qaum teb- txoj kev sab qab teb hauv cov chaw qub, cov khoom siv sib cais tseem yog qhov qub.
Ib qho kev ceeb toom ntawm LPO tshwj xeeb: linear-tsav optics khaws cov ntaub ntawv paub tab sis xav tau hloov ASICs nrog lub hom phiaj-tsim analog pem hauv ntej- xaus. Peb tau sim LPO cov qauv ntsuas ntawm ob lub platform hloov mus txog tam sim no thiab paub tseeb tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus tswv tsev tsis tuaj yeem xav. Ua ntej qhia txog LPO hauv kev npaj xa tawm, nug koj tus neeg muab khoom lag luam uas lub platform lawv tau lees paub tawm tsam. Yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov npe tshwj xeeb, qhov ntawd qhia koj tias koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi.
Qhov no txhais tau li cas rau koj qhov kev yuav khoom tom ntej
800G OSFP thiab QSFP-DD modulestab tom xa khoom tam sim no. 1.6T daim foos yam tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev ua qauv zoo. CPO, los ntawm feem ntau cov sijhawm kev lag luam uas ntseeg tau, yuav tsis pom kev xa tawm ntim ua ntej 2028 thaum ntxov. Lub silicon photonics tus nqi nkhaus yog compressing, tab sis qhov compression tau txais txiaj ntsig modular tsim ntau npaum li kev sib xyaw ua ke.
Rau feem coob ntawm cov tes hauj lwm uas tab tom npaj thiab yuav khoom niaj hnub no, pluggable transceiver architecture muab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws - pheej hmoo, feem ntau hloov pauv hloov kho qhov muag sib cuam tshuam muaj. Cov lus nug tsis yog seb modular optics puas tau siv lawm. Cov lus nug yog seb koj qhov kev xa tawm tshwj xeeb poob rau hauv cov txheej txheem siv nqaim uas cov kev hloov pauv tau loj hlob txaus los ua pov thawj lawv cov lag luam tawm - tawm. Yog tias koj tab tom ntsuas qhov ciam teb rau kev tsim kho yav tom ntej,peb pab neeg engineeringtuaj yeem taug kev los ntawm kev txiav txim siab nrog koj.
FAQ
Q: Puas yog pluggable transceiver zoo dua li co-packed optics?
A: Rau kev xa khoom uas xav tau kev pabcuam hauv thaj chaw, ntau- tus neeg muag khoom, thiab kev nce qib, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag muaj qhov zoo meej. CPO muab qis dua rau ib -chaw nres nkoj fais fab ntawm hyperscale density tab sis fij rau ntawm - site replaceability.
Q: Ntau npaum li cas tus thib peb - tog MSA- cov qauv ua raws li kev ua raws li OEM tus nqi?
A: Kev txuag nyiaj sib txawv los ntawm lub platform thiab ntim, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm tau ua tiav 40 txog 65% txo qis piv rau OEM daim ntawv teev nqi tom qab kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib xws.
Q: Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws nrog pluggable optics?
A: Kev sib kis kab mob ua rau feem ntau ntawm kev ua tsis tiav. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov kawg kom raug raws li IEC 61300-3-35 thiab xaiv cov qauv nrog kev tshaj tawm DDM ua haujlwm yog ob qhov kev txo qis tshaj plaws.