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Aug 29, 2025| Interical interconnsts hauv cov nplai - tawm cov chaw teev cov ntaub ntawv
Lub Yim Hli 2024 12 min nyeem Networking, Cloud computing, kho qhov siv kho tshiab
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog ntawm huab xam thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj, teev -}} Cov chaw qhia cov ntaub ntawv tau ua tus caj qaum ntawm cov digital txheej txheem. Cov chaw no xav tau cov kev daws teeb meem zoo heev los lis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj peev xwm cog cov ntaub ntawv thaum tswj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub zog ua tau zoo. Cov cuab yeej siv kho kho kho tshiab tau tshwm sim los ua cov ntawv qhia tseem ceeb rau kev siv peev txheej thiab kev siv hluav taws xob piv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj.
Txhawm rau kom zoo rau DCI (Cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab sib txuas ntxiv), peb yuav tsum nkag siab nws ua ke nrog cov chaw sib koom tes ua ke los sib txuas, pab tau cov chaw muaj peev xwm sib koom ua ke, thiab muab kev pab cuam ua haujlwm.
Tseem ceeb tswv yim
Kev cuam tshuam kho qhov muag tau txo lub zog siv hluav taws xob txog 70% piv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua 10 meters, ua rau lawv qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw.
Evolution ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Chaw Kos Duab
Cov tsoos peb {{{-} Tier Cov Ntaub Ntawv Center network Architecture, tau hloov kho cov ntsiab lus, tau hloov pauv qhov xav tau ntawm cov ntsuas ...}} tawm xam. Niaj hnub nimno cov chaw teev cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no ua rau cov arterature, ntxiv faib ua ke uas txo hnub tuaj {{3} Taug kev muaj peev xwm. Kev hloov tawm los ntawm cov qauv ntsug rau cov qauv kab rov tav tau hloov pauv li cas peb tsim thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv chaw network network.
Tsoos peb {-} Tier Architecture
- Cov qauv kev hloov kho nrog kev nkag mus, kev sib sau ua ke, thiab cov tub ntxhais cov khaubncaws sab nraud
- Optimized rau sab qaum teb - South Gram qauv
- TSIM NYOG RAU TOM ZOO RAU COV NEEG UA HAUJ LWM
Niaj hnub spine niaj hnub - nplooj ntoos kos duab
- Tus qauv sib dhos nrog nplooj thiab qaum txheej
- Optimized rau East East - West Tsheb Sib Tw
- Muaj cov qauv yooj yim nrog ntau qhov sib npaug - txoj kev them nqi
Hauv cov nplai - tawm cov ntawv kos duab, lub network yuav tsum txhawb nqa cov neeg ua haujlwm loj thiab faib cov haujlwm ua haujlwm. Tus nqaj qaum - nplooj ntoos todology tau dhau los ua cov chaw muaj tseeb thiab tsis paub txog kev ua yeeb yam. Txhua daim nplooj ntoo hloov txuas rau txhua tus txha nqaj qaum, tsim ntau qhov sib npaug- txoj kev them txoj kev ntawm ib qho ob qhov kawg. Qhov kev tsim qauv kev txhais lus zoo kawg nkaus nrog kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag tau, raws li lub suab thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muab cov kev sib txuas lus siab, qis} Latency kev sib txuas yuav tsum tau sib txuas.
Hierarchical Network tsim kev txiav txim siab
Thaum peb txhais DCi yuav tsum tau ua rau cov nplai -}} Cov chaw ib puag ncig, peb yuav tsum xav txog ntau qib kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas. Ntawm cov qib khib, sab saum toj -- Khib (tor) hloov pauv cov neeg rau zaub mov sib txuas thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub. Cov kev hloov pauv tor no nce ntxiv siv kho qhov muag rau qhov kho qhov muag thiab ntaub npuag neeg rau zaub mov, nrog 100g thiab 400g kho qhov muag ua cov qauv niaj hnub.
Cov ntaub txheej, muaj cov pob txha caj qaum sib xyaw ua ke hauv kev xa tawm raug, cov ntaub ntawm caj qaum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv chaw network. Ntawm no, kho qhov muag yog qhov tseem ceeb rau muab cov bandwidth loj uas yuav tsum muaj rau inter- khib kev sib txuas lus. Qhov saws me nyuam ntawm silicon photonics thiab kev kawm qib siab tau qhib cov kev sib txuas no los ntawm 10000g thiab dhau, nrog 800g thiab 1.6nt cuam tshuam rau lub qab ntug.
Cov qauv tsheb thiab kev ua kom zoo dua
Nplai -}} Cov chaw qhia cov ntaub ntawv ua kom pom cov qauv tsheb txawv uas txawv ntawm kev ua lag luam ib puag ncig. Kev kwv yees ntawm sab hnub tuaj - West {}}} kev sib txuas lus sab qaum teb mus rau sab nraud tes hauj lwm, cov chaw xav tau ntawm txoj kev hloov sab hauv. Tshuab Kawm Ua Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm, faib cov databases, thiab cov ntawv qhia me me tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas lus uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub siab.
Lub DCI network ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ncua cov qauv tsheb khiav hla cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Cov chaw faib khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab ua rau kev kho mob tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, thauj khoom sib npaug, thiab ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov chaw ua haujlwm kho qhov muag ntawm cov chaw qhia cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum txhawb nqa tsis tsuas yog nruj dua kev rov ua dua rau kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab tiag tiag}} lub sij hawm ua haujlwm tsiv teb tsaws.
Kho qhov muag rau cov thev naus laus zis
Silicon Photonics Revolution
Silicon photonics sawv cev ib qho ntawm cov kev nce qib feem ntau hauv kev kho qhov muag thev naus laus zis rau cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv. Los ntawm txoj kev kawm paub kev tsim kho CMOS kev tsim khoom, silicon photonics ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm silicon chips, tsis tshua muaj nqi them nqi thiab siv fais fab tuag thaum nce ntom ntom. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau ua rau nws kev lag luam ua tau rau kev tsim kho qhov kho qhov muag ua haujlwm ntawm nplai thoob plaws hauv lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv.
Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lasers, modulators, WaveGuides, thiab photodetides ntawm ib qho nti uas silicon tau qhib kev tsim cov kev kho kho tshiab. Cov cuab yeej siv no tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau lub wavelengths los ntawm wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm bandwidth muaj peev xwm ntawm ib fiber. Niaj hnub nimno silicon photic transceivers tuaj yeem ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi ntawm 400 gbps thiab dhau ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tshaj Tawm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Txhawm rau ua kom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev txhim kho kho qhov muag, kev kawm qib siab tau tsim tsa uas muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej. Mem cov mem tes los ntsuas (PAM4), uas encodes ob lub cim ib lub cim, tau dhau los ua cov qauv hauv 400g kho qhov muag. This technique doubles the data rate compared to traditional Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) modulation without requiring a proportional increase in bandwidth.
| Kev Ntsuas Cov Qauv | Cov khoom noj rau ib lub cim | Cov ntaub ntawv raug | Daim ntawv thov |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nrz (tsis - rov qab - rau {2} xoom {xoom) | 1 | 10G-100G | Txoj kev ua ntaub ntawv qub txeeg qub teg |
| Pam Hmoob | 2 | 200G-400G | Niaj hnub nimno cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab interconnns |
| 16-QAM | 4 | 400G-800G | Ntev - haul dci sib txuas |
| 64-Qam | 6 | 800G-1.6T | High - Txuas DCI Txuas Txuas |
Coherent optical kis, ib zaug tshwj tseg rau ntev - haul telecommunicationse, tam sim no tau yoog raws li cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab intercologies thev naus laus zis. Coherent nrhiav kom tau txais kev siv cov qauv hloov kho kev hloov pauv xws li quartrinatin qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab ncav cuag. Cov peev xwm no yog muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb thaum peb txhais tau DCI kev sib txuas uas ua rau cov chaw faib khoom ntau ntawm cov chaw.
Wavelength division multipxing tshuab
WDM thev naus laus zis ua rau ntau qhov kev tawm tsam kho qhov muag rau ntawm cov fiber ntau, ua rau tag nrho cov peev xwm nce tag nrho cov peev xwm ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kho qhov muag. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw ib puag ncig, coarse wavelength divorength (CWDM) thiab ntom wavelength diving nyob ntawm qhov kev xav tau rau muaj peev xwm thiab ncav cuag.
"Niaj hnub nimno DWDM tshuab siv rau hauv hyperscale cov chaw zov me nyuam tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov khub ntawm AI / ml uas muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa cov khub thiab cov cim niaj hnub no- tawm hauv kev sau Ib puag ncig "
Zhang li al., 2024, "Siab {2} {} Lub Chaw Tsim Tshuaj rau Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob, vol}, tsis muaj}, pp . 234-251.
Muaj nyob rau ntawm: https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.1234567
Mem -} Raws Hloov
Muab tsis - blocking txuas nrog tsawg txoj hmoo poob, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev hloov kho kho qhov muag hloov.
Soa -} Raws Hloov
Semiconductor hloov kho kho qhov muag hloov chaw muab sij hawm haum rau pob ntawv {{qib hloov mus.
Silicon Photonic Switches
Qiv cov txheej txheem sib raug zoo ua cov kev hloov pauv hloov, ua kom muaj kev koom ua ke thiab txo tus nqi txo.
Kev sib xyaw nrog cov qhab nia - tawm xam partonms
Txhawb nqa cov tshuab hluav taws xob faib ua haujlwm
Nplai -}} Cov ntaub ntawv tawm cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los txhawb nqa cov chaw ua haujlwm uas cov haujlwm sib kis tau kis ntau pua lossis ntau txhiab leej. Kev cuam tshuam kho qhov muag muab muab lub siab- bandwidth, qis {{} latency sib txuas ua haujlwm. Cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm, faib lub tshuab kev kawm, thiab tiag- lub sij hawm stream ua txhua yam txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kho qhov muag.
{-}} Enabled ua haujlwm ua haujlwm
AI / ML kev kawm
Txo Qauv Sijhawm Kev Kawm dhau los ntawm kev nrawm dua paramronization hla GPU pawg
Faib cov databases
Txhim kho kev sib pauv hloov pauv nrog qis {{0} latency replication hla cov neeg pabcuam
Tiag -} lub sij hawm analytics
Txhim kho kev ua cov ntaub ntawv streaming nrog high - bandwidth interconnns
Lub peev xwm los ua kom tiav bandwidth los ntawm kev hloov kho thiab hloov tau faib rau cov chaw zov me nyuam kom yoog raws li kev hloov pauv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm. Raws li peb txhais DCI cov tswv yim rau cov nplai-}}}} Qhov chaw tawm ntawm cov kev siv kho tshiab raws li cov ntawv thov nce qib zuj zus. Software {{{- Txhais tau hais tias kev sib txuas nrog kev sib xyaw nrog kev sib piv nrog kev ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Zog txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev ruaj khov
Kev noj fais fab yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw nruab hyperscale cov ntaub ntawv, nrog cov cuab yeej siv tes ua ke rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov kev siv hluav taws xob. Kev txhim kho kho qhov muag muaj ntau lub zog txuag tau piv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb rau kev nce mus ntev dua hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw. Lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshiab ntxiv nrog kev deb, ua rau lawv txaus nyiam ua kom txaus nyiam ua cov ntaub ntawv taw qhia kev nthuav dav.
Silicon photonics tau ua tiav kev nce qib zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev txo qis kev noj tshuaj, nrog kev hloov pauv niaj hnub siv tsawg dua 10 picojoules ib qho me ntsis. Qhov kev ua tau zoo no, sib txuas nrog kev tshem tawm cov paib kev tsim dua tshiab rau ntau lub hauv paus}} cov ntaub ntawv chaw txuas, pab txhawb rau kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Raws li muaj kev ruaj khov los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, lub zog txuag cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kho qhov zoo ua rau lawv tseem ceeb rau lub hom phiaj ib puag ncig.
Cov Lus Qhia Yav Tom Ntej thiab Kev Tawm Tsam Cov Tshuab
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm kev kho qhov muag interconns hauv cov nplai - tawm cov ntaub ntawv cov ntsiab lus thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Co {{{2} }? CPO), qhov chaw kho qhov muag tau sib xyaw ua ke, kev cog lus los txo cov zog siv hluav taws xob thiab nce bandwidth ntom. Cov hau kev no tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm tus hloov chip thiab kho qhov muag pom kev zoo, txo cov paib kev poob thiab kev siv hluav taws xob.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev hloov kho kho tshiab ncaj qha rau kev hloov asics kom txo qis kev noj haus thiab txhim kho cov paib kev ncaj ncees.
Tshuab kawm cov algorithms optimizing kev kev coj ua, kev sib tw ntawm kev saib xyuas, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau muab faib rau hauv cov tshuab kho qhov muag.
Quantum yuam sij rau cov ntaub ntawv kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw thiab muaj peev xwm quantum rau faib qhov kev faib tawm.
Artial txawj ntse thiab tshuab kev kawm tau raug siv rau kev ua kom zoo saib xyuas kho qhov muag. Kev kwv yees txij nkawm cov algorithms tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov kev ua tsis tiav hauv cov khoom kho kho qhov muag ua ntej lawv cuam tshuam kev pab. Tshuab Kawm cov qauv tuaj yeem txhim kho kev txiav txim siab raws li cov qauv tsheb thiab cov cai sau ua ke, txhawb kev ua tau zoo ntawm DCI network kev ua haujlwm.
Quantum thev naus laus zis kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Quantum Lub Rooj Sib Tham Tseem Ceeb (QKD) tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv rhiab ntawm cov chaw nruab nrab. Thaum tseem nyob hauv theem pib, Quantum Networking kev tshawb fawb yog tshawb txog tias Quantum Annitting cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab intercologies.